DSpace Collection:
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/1671
2024-03-28T10:09:59Z
2024-03-28T10:09:59Z
Informação visual em tarefas de interceptação: efeitos do momento de visualização do alvo no controle motor e na adaptação
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/65289
2024-03-05T18:21:32Z
2022-11-04T00:00:00Z
Title: Informação visual em tarefas de interceptação: efeitos do momento de visualização do alvo no controle motor e na adaptação
Type: Tese
2022-11-04T00:00:00Z
Comparação de respostas cinéticas, cinemáticas e de desempenho entre escaladores intermediários e avançados em diferentes ações musculares e a influência da resistência externa no pico de potência muscular no campus board.
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/64716
2024-02-26T17:37:31Z
2023-08-11T00:00:00Z
Title: Comparação de respostas cinéticas, cinemáticas e de desempenho entre escaladores intermediários e avançados em diferentes ações musculares e a influência da resistência externa no pico de potência muscular no campus board.
Abstract: The objectives of Study 1 were to compare the impulse, peak power, peak force, peak velocity, maximum reach, and vertical displacement of the center of mass between intermediate and advanced climbers, as well as between the BoteCon and BoteCAE exercises performed on the campus board (CB). The study also aimed to investigate the association and agreement of peak velocity measured using the impulse-momentum method and kinematics. In Study 2, the goal was to compare peak power produced using different external resistances (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% of 1RM) in the BoteCon and BoteCAE exercises among advanced climbers. Study 1 included intermediate climbers (GroupINTER; N=10) and advanced climbers (GroupAVAN N=10). Study 2 included only advanced climbers (N=17). The procedures were carried out on two separate days (familiarization and data collection) with a 48-
hour interval. After a standard warm-up, the 1RM test and maximum reach on the CB were performed for BoteCon and BoteCAE. In Study 2, five minutes after determining the maximum reach for one of the exercises, the participants performed the exercise
with 0% (body weight only), 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% of their 1RM. Kinetic analysis was conducted using the CB, which was instrumented with two load cells with a maximum capacity of 2,000N, properly calibrated, and a sampling rate of 1KHz. A
low-pass filter of 10Hz was applied. The acquisition and processing of the analog signal were performed using the MATLAB© program. For kinematic analysis, two GoPro® cameras, model 7, were used in linear mode, with an acquisition frequency
of 120 frames per second. The range of motion and angular velocity of the hip and knee, as well as the vertical linear velocity of the L5, were recorded using the Kinovea© program. Statistical assumptions were tested, and the measurement reliability was verified using the CCI(2.1) and EPM methods. In Study 1, a two-way mixed ANOVA was conducted for the factors group x exercise, and Cohen's d effect size was calculated. Spearman's correlation and Bland-Altman plots were also used. In Study 2, a repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to determine the impact of external resistance, and Partial Eta Squared effect size was
calculated. All statistical analyses were performed using the R© program. The adopted significance level was 5%. The results of Study 1 for impulse did not indicate interaction (F(1,18) = 0.776; p = 0.390; ηp² = 0.041). The main effect of group was statistically significant (F(1,18) = 22.9; p < 0.001; ηp² = 0.560), and similar results were found for all variables except for peak force, which indicated significant interaction (F(1,18) = 4.548, p = 0.047; ηp² = 0.202). The correlation was strong (rho = 0.78; p <
0.001), and the agreement was within acceptable limits (bias: -0.23; 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.95). In Study 2, peak power differed between external resistances (F(2,44) = 5.985; p = 0.002; ηp² = 0.272) and also between BoteCAE (F(2,32) = 8.496; p = 0.001; ηp² = 0.347). Conclusion of Study 1: Advanced climbers exhibit greater impulse, peak power, peak velocity, displacement, and maximum reach than intermediate climbers, and this behavior was not influenced by the type of muscle action. Conclusion of the Study 2 is that the peak power was statistically lower in the conditions of external resistances at 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20% of 1RM compared to the 30% of 1RM condition, both in the BoteCon and BoteCAE exercises.
Type: Tese
2023-08-11T00:00:00Z
Influência da faixa etária e da manutenção da prática em parâmetros cognitivos, funcionais e antropométricos de adultos e idosos engajados em um programa exercícios físicos multicomponente: um estudo longitudinal de 5 anos
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/64244
2024-02-19T18:18:10Z
2023-07-06T00:00:00Z
Title: Influência da faixa etária e da manutenção da prática em parâmetros cognitivos, funcionais e antropométricos de adultos e idosos engajados em um programa exercícios físicos multicomponente: um estudo longitudinal de 5 anos
Abstract: Human beings manifest a variety of functional losses, highlighting musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems impairments. Anthropometric and cognitive alterations, muscle strength, and functional capacity reductions also occur throughout aging. Physical exercise is a cornerstone of successful aging, potentially contributing to maintaining cognitive functions, body composition, functionality, and muscle strength. Furthermore, the maintenance of physical exercise practice seems necessary to preserve these promising healthy benefits of exercise in older population. This thesis compared, through two distinct studies, (1) the influence of age group on cognitive, functional, and anthropometric parameters of middle-aged adults and middle-aged and elderly adults participating in a physical activity program, (2) the progression of functional, anthropometric, cognitive and blood pressure variables in middle-aged and elderly adults after five years of follow-up. Methods: Four hundred and seventy-three older adults aged 55 to 84 years (84% women), regular participants in the Programa Envelhecimento Ativo (EEFFTO-UFMG) were enrolled in the first study. Eighty-five older women re-evaluated after five years were enrolled in the second study. The first study was conducted in 2017 and 2018, and the second in 2022 and 2023. Tests were carried out to evaluate cognitive functions (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, verbal fluency test, Digit Span test, Stroop Color, and Word test), functional capacity ("Senior Fitness Test" battery, handgrip strength, 10-meter gait test), anthropometric assessment (body mass, height, circumferences and skinfolds), and blood pressure. All procedures performed were approved by the university's Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 49313121.0.0000.5149). Results: The older age group showed a reduction in global cognition and specific cognitive domains. In addition, there was also a reduction in muscle strength, muscle power, and functional capacity, a worsening of agility scores, and anthropometric changes (reduction in height, muscle mass, circumferences, and skinfolds). Muscle strength explained only 2.7% of the global cognition of older adults. In the second study, it was observed that maintaining the practice of multicomponent physical exercises for five years caused functional improvements and reduced the risk of cognitive decline compared to the group who abandoned the practice during the period. Conclusion: By several low-cost variables, the study showed that middle-aged and elderly adults of different age groups showed significant cognitive, functional, and anthropometric differences. Furthermore, maintaining the practice of multicomponent physical exercise can reverse at least part of the effects of aging on strength, power, and muscle mass and appears to prevent the risk of cognitive decline after five years.
Type: Tese
2023-07-06T00:00:00Z
Comportamentos físicos off-training, carga interna e efeitos do treinamento em atletas de judô
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/61888
2023-12-11T21:19:09Z
2023-10-20T00:00:00Z
Title: Comportamentos físicos off-training, carga interna e efeitos do treinamento em atletas de judô
Abstract: O judô is a dynamic and physically demanding sport. In modalities with such characteristics, it is desirable for the preparation routine to include strategies related to load control and the effects of training. However, the time allocated to training represents a small fraction of athletes' day. When added to sleep time, it can be stated that sports professionals are unaware of the physical activity behaviors adopted by athletes when they are awake. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep are integrated physical behaviors. In this sense, the aim of this study was to investigate and compare such behaviors, as well as the internal load and acute effects of judo athletes' training. Twenty professional male judo athletes (21.6 ± 3.09 years) participated in the study. Data collection took place over three weeks, with physical behaviors measured using a triaxial accelerometer, Actigraph brand, GT3X model, over 14 days. Internal load was measured using session rating of perceived exertion and training impulse methods. The scale of subjective perception of recovery, well-being questionnaire, and the countermovement jump protocol were used to assess training effects. The normality of variables was checked by the Shapiro-Wilk test, and measures of central tendency and variability were defined based on the distribution of data. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon test were used in comparisons at different times. Additionally, the magnitude of identified differences was evaluated through effect size (r). The analysis of physical behaviors was performed using ActiLife software (version 6.13.4). Rstudio® software (version 3.5.3) was used for graph creation, and IBM SPSS Statistics 23 was used for statistical analyses, with a significance level of 5% adopted. Judo athletes allocated the majority of the off-training period to behaviors that require minimal effort, with 40.8% in sleep and 33% in sedentary behavior. For the remaining time, athletes engaged in physical activities, with 21.4% at a light intensity and 4.5% at a moderate to vigorous intensity. There was a significant reduction (p = 0.034) in moderate/vigorous physical activity from the first week (4.78%) to the second week (4.20%). Similarly, moderate/vigorous physical activity was lower (p = 0.001) on Saturdays and Sundays (2.85%) compared to the other days of the week (5.62%). However, there was a significant increase (p = 0.030) in sedentary behavior on weekends (35.5%) compared to other days (32.9%). Light physical activity and sleep were similar in both observed periods. Regarding internal load, no difference was noted between the two weeks of the study, both for session perceived effort (p = 0.832) and training impulse (p = 0.636). The analysis of acute training effects indicated that, at the end of the microcycles, a reduction in subjective perception of recovery, fatigue, muscle soreness, and subjective well-being was identified. In general, it can be concluded that this study contributes to the advancement of research in the field of evaluating physical behaviors in professional athletes. Judo athletes dedicated a significant portion of their time when not training to sedentary behavior and sleep. It is worth noting that, even though rest is considered essential during the training process, it should not exceed what athletes need. Finally, information about the type of off-training behavior athletes engage in can aid professionals in identifying inappropriate behaviors and developing individualized strategies to optimize the recovery process and, consequently, enhance sports performance. However, it is essential for investigations into physical behaviors in sports to continue advancing.
Type: Tese
2023-10-20T00:00:00Z