DSpace Collection:
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/553
2024-03-28T04:50:21ZAvaliação da dislipidemia infantil na população brasileira: estudo baseado em banco de dados de um laboratório de apoio de grande porte no estado de Minas Gerais
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/65896
Title: Avaliação da dislipidemia infantil na população brasileira: estudo baseado em banco de dados de um laboratório de apoio de grande porte no estado de Minas Gerais
Abstract: Introduction: In the last decades, there has been a significant change in the way children eat and practice physical exercises. Such changes have contributed to an epidemic of childhood obesity, which brings with it a cascade of cardiological risk factors, including dyslipidemia. The assessment of childhood dyslipidemia is a vitally important tool for monitoring the risk of diseases that persist throughout life. Unfortunately, the literature lacks robust sample data on childhood dyslipidemia in the Brazilian population. Main objective: to describe the behavior of dyslipidemias and their laboratory classification derived from the results of lipid profile tests in Brazilian children. Method: cross-sectional and retrospective study, based on analysis of the Laboratory Information System database of a large laboratory in the state of Minas Gerais, from 2011 to 2021. The laboratory classification criteria of dyslipidemia according to the Brazilian Society of Cardiology: isolated hypertriglyceridemia; isolated hypercholesterolemia; mixed hypercholesterolemia and low HDL. As for age, two subgroups were stratified: children (2-9 years old) and adolescents (10 to 19 years old). The results were treated statistically and compared between age, sex and time. Results: Between 2011 and 2021, a total of 439,493 lipid profile results were obtained for children and adolescents. There was a progressive increase in test requests with advancing age, with the frequency being higher among females. The average lipid profile in children and adolescents was within normal limits for the majority of children and adolescents. In children (2-9 years), lipids tend to increase with advancing age. In adolescents (10-19 years) they reduces until approximately 14 years old, followed by an increase until 19 years old. Conclusions: There was a difference in the lipids values with advancing age. Isolated hypertriglyceridemia was the most common dyslipidemia in children aged 2-9 years, in both sexes. In the age group between 10-19 years old, the reduction in HDL-cholesterol was the most prevalent dyslipidemia, especially in males. Dyslipidemia occurred in 18,666 (4.2%) of the evaluated results and was higher in 2021 (5.4%) compared to 2011 (4.5%).
Type: Dissertação2023-11-21T00:00:00ZSarcopenia e hepatite c crônica: avaliação dos fatores relacionados ao vírus, ao hospedeiro e ao estilo de vida
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/65720
Title: Sarcopenia e hepatite c crônica: avaliação dos fatores relacionados ao vírus, ao hospedeiro e ao estilo de vida
Abstract: Background: Sarcopenia is a remarkable finding in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). However, the biological mechanisms behind the skeletal muscle loss have not been completely clarified.
Objective: To evaluate independent associations between sarcopenia and its components, appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) and handgrip strength (HGS) and host-, disease-, nutritional- and virus-related factors and to appraise association between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived phase angle (PhA) values and sarcopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Methods: Ninety outpatients with CHC (mean age, 49.9 + 11.3yrs.; 73.3% males; 67.8% non-cirrhotic and 32.2% with compensated cirrhosis) underwent scanning of ASM and bone mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of both low ASMI and low HGS according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were defined according to the World Health Organization criteria. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine the physical activity level. Associations were investigated by logistic and linear regression models.
Results: Sarcopenia, low SMI and low HGS were found in (5.6%), 12.2% and 17.8% patients, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, low ASMI and sarcopenia were positively associated with low bone mass and inversely associated with PhA. Low HGS was inversely associated with PhA. Considering the PhA as dependent variable, age, male sex, diabetes mellitus and sarcopenia were independently associated with this BIA-derived measurement.
Conclusion PhA may be considered an useful indicator of sarcopenia and its components in patients with CHC. This BIA-derived measurement has been recognized as marker of overall muscle quality.
Type: Dissertação2021-03-17T00:00:00ZPrevalência da doença hepática esteatótica metabólica e incidência de diabetes após o transplante hepático e fatores associados à sua ocorrência
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/64945
Title: Prevalência da doença hepática esteatótica metabólica e incidência de diabetes após o transplante hepático e fatores associados à sua ocorrência
Abstract: Background and Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD),
has become the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Following liver
transplantation (LT), patients often gain weight and develop metabolic comorbidities such as
obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), systemic arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia. The
aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of MASLD and incidence of DM after LT, as
well as factors associated with its occurrence. Method: A total of 142 patients aged 18 years
or older who underwent LT were evaluated. Clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory data were
collected. Hepatic ultrasound and elastography using 2D shear-wave technique was performed
in all the participants. Results: The median age (IQR) was 60 (47-68) years and 89 (62.7%)
were male. The median follow-up time post-LT was 137 (77-205) months. MASLD was
identified in 37 (26.1%) participants. The proportion of individuals with central obesity (92%
vs. 68%, p=0.006), DM (65% vs 38%, p=0.005), hypertriglyceridemia (51% vs 26%, p=0.008),
and metabolic syndrome (69% vs. 41%, p=0.006) was higher in the group with MASLD
compared to those without. In multivariate analysis, hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 2.80, 95% CI
1.22-6.43, p= 0.015) and post-LT DM (OR = 2.65, 95%CI 1.15-6.10, p = 0.022) were identified
as factors associated with MASLD. Forty-three out 121 individuals (35,5%) developed DM
after LT, which was associated with older age (OR = 1.052, 95%CI 1.016-1.090, p = 0.004),
longer LT time (OR = 1.008, 95%CI 1.002-1.014, p = 0.009), obesity (OR = 3.480, 95%CI
1.303-9295, p = 0.013), and MASLD (OR = 3.222, 95%CI 1.233-8.419, p = 0.017). The
prevalence of advanced hepatic fibrosis (F3 and F4) in patients with MASLD was 8.8%, with
no significant difference being observed in relation to patients without MASLD. There was a
high prevalence of HAS (54.9%), DM (45.1%), dyslipidemia (60.6%), MS (48.5%) and
hypertriglyceridemia (33.3%) after LT. Most patients showed progressive weight gain after LT.
The average weight variation was 8.9 ± 11.2 kg, with a prevalence of obesity of 25.4%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of MASLD was 26.1% and the incidence of DM after LT was
35.5%. MASLD was associated with DM and hypertriglyceridemia and DM after LT with older
age, longer LT time, obesity and MASLD.
Type: Dissertação2023-11-29T00:00:00ZAutopercepção da saúde bucal associada ao estado nutricional, consumo alimentar e componentes da sarcopenia em pessoas idosas longevas independentes funcionais
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/64864
Title: Autopercepção da saúde bucal associada ao estado nutricional, consumo alimentar e componentes da sarcopenia em pessoas idosas longevas independentes funcionais
Abstract: Introduction: Globally, according to the World Health Organization, life expectancy has increased by more than 6 years between 2000 and 2019, thus the number of people aged 80 years or over is rising ever faster than the number aged 65 or above. Aging is considered the main predictor of fraily and so, it is important that elderly individuals maintain their physical, mental and social wellbeing. Changes that may occur throughout the aging process, such as loss of dental elements, worsening of chewing and food consumption, and reduction of skeletal muscle mass and strength, can have an impact on the functionality and quality of life of elderly people. In this context, it is important to study these variables with a focus on healthy aging.
Objectives: To evaluate the self-perception of oral health and its relationship with nutritional
status, food consumption, and components of sarcopenia, in functionally independent long-
lived elderly people.
Method: This cross-sectional study comprised elderly outpatients attending the Healthy Aging Outpatient Clinic, Jenny de Andrade Faria Institute, Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Minas Gerais. Octagenarian and those over 80 years old plus with no established functional impairment were included. Oral health was examined, and self-perception was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). Food consumption was analyzed through the food record of three nonconsecutive days. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance and strength by maximum handgrip test. Statistical analyzes were performed using the Stata ® program. The sample was dichotomized by gender and median OHIP score.
Results: Ninety elderly outpatients (mean age, 86,6 ± 5,4 years; 57,8% females) were included. The total OHIP score ranged from 0 to 29, with a median of 1.5 points. The group with the lowest OHIP score considered chewing to be good (p<0.001), had less need to change the texture of food, had less difficulty chewing hard foods (p=0.001), occlusion with at least 4 molars (p= 0.031), less partial loss of teeth (p=0.044), and xerostomia (p=0.01). Edentulism in both dental arches was found in 50 (55.5%), with only 37 (41.1%) using prostheses in both arches. The ingestion of calories, proteins, and fibers, the anthropometric, body composition, and physical tests data did not show differences about the OHIP score.
Conclusion: Even with the high prevalence of edentulism in the studied sample, self-perception of oral health is good. The oral health of the elderly people studied is not reflected in the intake of nutrients, nutritional status, physical tests, and functionality. It is important to know the patients’ feelings and expectations, to prioritize problems that have an impact on quality of life and functionality.
Type: Dissertação2023-11-09T00:00:00Z