Planejamento de intervenções em cursos de água : priorização e avaliação de alternativas

Abstract

Large part of the river is degraded and the scarcity of water, in terms of quality and quantity, is a reality in many parts of the world. This scenario has led to discussions and implementation of watercourses conservation and restoration projects. The high cost of these projects and the need for conciliation of this and other sectoral demands show the importance of the improvement of these public policies. These should aim at maximum benefit to greatest number of people possible, which is enhanced by the adoption of criteria and robust methodologies. However, there is still small number of river restoration projects with systemic approach to integrate environmental, social, economic, financial, political, and others criteria. In addition, there is a lack of models or formal systems to priorities evaluation in river interventions. This research is inserted in this context and it aims to evaluate in an integrated way environmental, social, technical and cost guidance for the river interventions planning. The analysis comprises two evaluation steps. In the step 1 it is made the prioritization of intervention areas with the use of multicriteria methods and state area indicators and impact on ecosystem services. The results are presented in the form of charts, thematic maps and hierarchical list of priority areas. These instruments supports the discussion and decision making in contexts with various stakeholders. In the step 2, it is proceeded the alternatives evaluation for each prioritized reach. This evaluation comprises multicriteria methodology and indicators of environmental performance, health, hydraulic, hydrologic and costs. The proposed system was applied and validated in a case study in Bonsucesso stream basin, located in the south of Belo Horizonte. The results confirmed by the case study their suitability to discriminate the intervention priorities in a watershed. It was also possible to compare them with the choices made by Drenurbs program that made interventions in this watershed, there is convergence on the most vulnerable areas.