Efeitos dos exercícios nos mediadores inflamatórios e no fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro em idosos com comprometimento cognitivo leve: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Evidence indicates that physical exercise has beneficial and anti-inflammatory effects on cytokines and stimulates the induction of BDNF in cognitive alterations. Objective: To identify the effects of any physical exercise on inflammatory mediators and BDNF in the elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Methods: The search was done by Randomized Clinical Trials, in the databases: PEDro, MEDLINE and SciELO with the descriptors: mild cognitive impairment, elderly, inflammation mediators, cytokines, IL-6, TNF-α, BDNF and exercise isolated or combined, in Portuguese and English published in the last 15 years. We excluded articles that the cognitive deficit was associated with the secondary disease. Results: We identified 274 articles and six articles were included after analysis. The sample ranged from 14 to 92 elderly (60 - 85 years) with Mild Cognitive Impairment. The results showed that BDNF increased significantly with Tai Chi (p <0.05), but without significant differences between intervention and control groups in TNF-α and IL10. BDNF increased significantly after physical training, aerobic, traditional cycling or virtual reality exercises, multi-component exercise (strengthening, aerobic, balance, and dual tasks) and resistance exercise (p <0.05). The methodological quality according to the PEDro scale varied between 4 and 7 points. Conclusion: The studies show benefits of physical exercise in the elderly with MCI in reducing cytokines and increasing BDNF, but are still inconclusive as to the type of exercise, duration and intensity, so future studies should be encouraged.