Isolamento, ensaios de germinabilidade de sementes e caracterização química preliminar de metabólitos secundários de Preussia minima, fungo endofítico de Vellozia nanuzae, planta endêmica da Serra do Cipó - MG

Abstract

he endophytic fungi can aid in the germination of plant seeds through the production of compounds of secondary metabolism and enzymes. This study aimed to evaluate: (a) the influence of Preussia minima, endophytic fungus, on the germination of seeds of Vellozia nanuzae, an endemic plant of Serra do cipó, at different temperatures (15oC, 20oC, 25oC, 30oC and 40oC); and (b) Detect the presence of nitrogenous alkaloids/compounds, triterpenoids, steroids and flavonoids from the mycelium and culture medium of Minimum Preussia, through thin-layer chromatography. The endophytic fungus Preussia minima increased the germination of seeds of Vellozia nanuzae at temperatures of 20º and 25oC. The longest germination time occurred at the lowest temperature (15oC) in which it was observed that the presence of the fungus increases the germination rate. In addition, seeds inoculated with the fungus also showed a statistically significant decrease in seed germination time, but only at a temperature of 15oC. The chemical characterization of secondary metabolites of Minimal Preussy by thin-layer chromatography (CCD) revealed the presence of three distinct groups: (i) nitrogenous or alkaloid compounds, (ii) steroids and (iii) flavonoids.Future trials will be conducted for the purpose of testing the crude extracts directly on the plant seeds under the same temperature conditions where the germination rate was increased with the seeds inoculated directly with the fungal mycelium.