Fatores de risco relacionados à colonização por enterococcus resistente a vancomicina em pacientes internados na terapia intensiva

Abstract

Infections related to health care are the most frequent and important complications during hospitalization, and 5% to 15% of hospitalized patients develop a nosocomial infection, even more aggravating is when this infection is related to multidrug-resistant bacteria such as vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) within intensive care units and semi-intensive due to prolonged hospital that normally these units bring to patients. Front I export the following question arises: What are the risk factors for VRE colonization in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit? This research is justified by epidemiological importance of VRE infection, because this pathogen impacts on both patient-related factors as related to the institution. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with colonization of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus. It is an integrative review of the literature addressing the risk factors related to contamination by VRE in hospitalized patients in intensive care units. The review for the inclusion of articles was performed in the last 5 years (August 2007 to July 2012) with a selection of 7 primary research related to the topic in focus. The bases were used to search LILACS, the IBECS, the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and BDENF the PubMed interface. The risk factors most frequently observed and reported in the studies were indiscriminate use of antibiotics and environmental contamination of the instruments that comprise it. Health education should be one of the approaches to reduce this contamination by VRE in intensive care units and should be held with all employees who provide direct and indirect patient.