As microfinanças como instrumento de inclusão financeira: uma análise com base no desempenho das atividades no Brasil

Abstract

This present research has as its central hypothesis the consideration that the financial system is relevant to stimulate the development, due to either its multiplying effect upon the populations income, or the support to the maintenance of the productive activities. Therefore, the financial sector has the important role of financial, economic and social inclusion. So, the aim of this study is to analyze the outline of the offer of micro financial services in Brazil, giving prominence to its regional concentration. Its focus is to identify how these activities evolved and analyze their participation in the social and financial inclusion of the population. This research was structured in three interdependent chapters, although they are complementary. The first chapter is about the relevance of the financial sector to the economic development and it is defended its contribution in the process of the financial inclusion. The second chapter is about the micro financial activities in the Brazilian economy and in a group of selected world regions, with emphasis to their evolutionary process from 2001 to 2010. In the third chapter, it was tried to understand the evolution of the micro financial activities in Minas Gerais State, based on the behavior of the offer and the demand for microcredit. The most important service offered by the micro financial activities. In this chapter, it was confirmed the concentration of the micro financial activities and their agglomeration in localities with the best economic and social indicators. Therefore, based on the theoretical and empirical surveys, it is concluded that the Brazilian micro financial sector reproduces a behavior that is similar to the system of traditional credit. So, in this aspect, it reproduces the same process of financial exclusion of the population. Although it doesnt omit its importance to the regional economic development.