Câncer de colo uterino: um enfoque na abordagem preventiva

Abstract

Since cervical cancer considered a public health problem and a national cervical easy access to the speculum examination, it is considered inadmissible the late diagnosis of the disease, the proportion of cases invading a parameter of quality of care of the population. Cancer of the cervix represents a malignancy that occurs frequently in Brazil, causing many deaths. The aim of this review is to describe an approach to cervical cancer, and identify which strategies for prevention and coverage of these preventive actions. The methodology used was a literature review looking at sources of electronic journals of medicine and nursing sector in databases Scielo, Lilacs, Medline and others. There are several risk factors that lead to cervical cancer and although a considerable number of cases this type of cancer can be prevented especially when diagnosed early. The main form of prevention is through the exam cytologic or Pap smear. The data suggest that the entire planet occurs around 500 thousand new cases annually with 270 thousand deaths. In Brazil, it is the second leading cause of cancer death in women, being the most common type in some less developed areas of the country. It is concluded that the effectiveness of Pap smear and preclinical cancer of the cervix make early diagnosis, through this examination, so simple and yet so confident, is the best strategy for prevention.