Construção e avaliação da aplicabilidade de um software com o processo de enfermagem em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de adultos

Abstract

The nursing process is considered a tool which has the capacity to improve the quality of nursing care. However, nurses indicate difficulties with its implementation. lt has been recommended that bois be developed to facilitate lIs implementation. However, technoiogy must be deveioped in such a way that the steps of the method can include a comprehensive approach to what it means to be human. The objective of this study was to analyze whether a software especially designed for an adult intensive care unit, containing the steps of the nursing process and based on nursing theory, assisted nurses in implementation and identification of biopsychosocial and spiritual needs presented by patients. The specific objectives were to: develop a software using lhe theory of basic human needs as the theoretical framework for the steps of the nursing process; include in the database software related to the steps of the process, using standardized nursing languages; promote continuing education activities directed at the use of the system; deploy the software in an adult intensive care unit in Belo Horizonte; evaluate modular units of the software; evaluate the functionality, reiiabillty, usability and efficiency of the software; compare these attributes within lhe writlen and computerized records; identify the advantages and disadvantages of manual and electronic records, and compare nursing diagnoses developed before and after the deployment of software in lhe unit. This was a descriptive intervention study, developed in eight phases, from construction through evaluation of the applicability of the software. The comparison of the quality attributes of manual and electronic records was performed using lhe Wilcoxon test. The software was called the information Syslem for the Intensive Gare Unit Nursing Process. Results indicaled that the software was: adequate, accurate, understandable, efficient and permitted interaction of data, ease of Iearning, and operability. However, lhe need for improvement was also noled, especiaily in terms of maluralion, to enabie more rapid refreshing of data and to ensure that ali authorized persons couid access lo the system. The software was found to be more advantageous than manual records because it: be precise in lhe execution of the steps of lhe nursing process; foster understanding about the interrelalion of the stages of the nursing process; provided announcements and reminders lhat minimized invalid data in the records; facilitated iearning the concepts and executing actions and control your fUi; because it favors lhe assessment of service; had the benefit of providing help lhab couid be accessed in case of doubts and provided appropriate resources on the application of the nursing process to professional praclice. The nurses described the advantages and disadvantages associated with each type of record. The system permitted the identification of biopsychosocial and spiritual needs presented by patienls, which were previously not a part of lhe profile of nursing diagnoses on lhe unit. The software design permilted the implementation of the steps of the nursing process and favored comprehensive care.