Cartografia das controvérsias: entre ação direta e luta institucional na produção de uma ocupação informal em palafitas na cidade de Macapá (AP)

Abstract

Macapá, capital of the state of Amapá, it is located on the banks of the Amazon River and has its urban perimeter permeated by wetland, locally called "ressacas". Ressacas are environmentally protected areas, but usually, they are under pressure from informal occupation by the population. Its spatialization occurs through stilts houses and wooden walkways, located above water level. Of 398,204 inhabitants, at least 63 thousand live in these areas (IBGE, 2010). Faced with this, the public power acts in a conflicting way, either through omission, prohibition of occupations, punctual urbanization or resettlement. With this in mind, the objective of this research is to describe the practices and sociotechnical relations between direct action and institutional struggle in the production of informal occupation in the ressaca area of the district of Congós. The direct action indicate to self-production practices of the residents and community leaders, and the institutional path, focuses on their struggles before the Public Power. When investigating sociotechnical practices, we use Bruno Latour's method (2012) of cartography of controversies, since we understand human and non-human elements in an inseparable way. With this academic research, we aim to make it possible for the actors involved to express their views on our common world and, from this, to rethink other paths against the heteronomy of public power, where a possible beginning is to recognize and value practices and knowledge of the residents. We also intend to contribute to the research on the production of urban space that emphasizes associations between heterogeneous actors.