First record of Selaginella conduplicata Spring (Selaginellaceae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Northeastern Brazil Luiz Armando de Araújo Góes-Neto1, 2, 3, Alexandre Salino3 1 Baobá Consultoria Ambiental Ltda, Rua Alceu Amoroso Lima 470, CEP: 41820-770, Caminho das Árvores, Salvador, BA, Brazil. 2 Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Programa de Capacitação Institucional, Avenida Perimetral 1901, CEP: 66077-830, Terra Firme, Belém, PA, Brazil. 3 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Botânica, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, CEP: 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Corresponding author: Luiz Armando de Araújo Góes-Neto, lgoes-neto@hotmail.com Abstract This is the 昀椀rst voucher-based record of Selaginella conduplicata Spring in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and the Bra- zilian Northeast. This species was considered restricted to the Amazon Basin, and here we report its occurrence beyond the Amazonian limits, expanding its distribution. Illustrations of the diagnostic characters of the species, information of geographic distribution and conservation status are presented. Besides, we present description as well as taxonomic and nomenclatural comments. Keywords Amazonia, biogeography, distribution, herbarium. Academic editor: Juçara Bordin | Received 1 July 2020 | Accepted 10 September 2020 | Published 29 September 2020 Citation: Góes-Neto LAA, Salino A (2020) First record of Selaginella conduplicata Spring (Selaginellaceae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Northeastern Brazil. Check List 16 (5): 1283–1287. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.5.1283 Introduction The genus Selaginella P.Beauv. (Selaginellaceae, Lycopo- diopsida) is the most diverse among the representatives of lycophytes (Góes-Neto and Salino 2018), with about 700–800 species (Zhou and Zhang 2015; PPG I 2016). In tropical America, they occur mainly in the primary and secondary rain forest, usually found in soils, rocky out- crops and rocky cli昀昀s associated with rivers, streams, and waterfalls (Tryon and Tryon 1982; Góes-Neto 2016). In Brazil, the genus is more diversi昀椀ed in the Ama- zon region where occurs 55 native species (Góes-Neto et al. in prep.). In this region, one of the most widespread species is Selaginella conduplicata Spring, an articu- late species traditionally recognized in the subgenus Stachygynandrum ser. Articulatae (sensu Walton and Alston 1938) or Stachygynandrum (sensu Jermy 1986, 1990), and more recently circumscribed in the subg. Eri- cetorum sect. Articulatae (sensu Zhou and Zhang 2015) or subg. Gymnogynum (sensu Wetstrand and Korall 2016). In Brazil, this species was considered restricted to Amazon Basin, however, after review of specimens deposited in two herbaria, Herbário Geraldo Mariz, Fed- eral University of Pernambuco (UFP) and Herbário Pro- fessor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (PEUFR), we report for the 昀椀rst time the occurrence of S. conduplicata in the Atlantic Forest biome and in the Northeastern Brazil. Check List 16 (5): 1283–1287 https://doi.org/10.15560/16.5.1283 © The authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION 1284 Check List 16 (5) In this way, this study aims to contribute to the knowledge about Selaginella in Brazil, providing a spe- cies description, comments on taxonomy, nomencla- ture, habitat and conservation, as well as drawings of S. conduplicata. Methods The new occurrences of the species were found during the analysis of the full collection of Selaginella speci- mens of the herbaria UFP and PEUFR. The acronyms are in accordance with Thiers (2020). The samples were examined with a stereomicro- scope Zeiss Stemi DV4. The descriptive terminology for leaves follows Góes-Neto et al. (2015, 2017), Góes-Neto (2016), and Góes-Neto and Salino (2018). The geographi- cal distribution was based on Smith (1995) and Góes- Neto (2016). For evaluation of the conservation status of S. conduplicata we used the IUCN Red List categories and criteria (IUCN 2012). Results Selaginella conduplicata Spring, 1840; Flora Brasilien- sis 1 (2): 129. Type locality: Brazil. Pará: Martius, s.n. (possibly M, not located). New records. BRAZIL • 7 specimens; Pernambuco, Ca- ru aru, Brejo dos Cavalos; 08°21ʹ21ʺS, 036°01ʹ46ʺW; 22 Feb. 1987; I.C.L. Barros et al. s.n. leg.; UFP 17789. • 2 specimens; Pernambuco, Vicência, Engenho Xixá; ca- minho da pedra de São José; 07°35ʹ05ʺS, 035°24ʹ57ʺW; May 1992; I.C.L. Barros et al. s.n. leg.; PEUFR 31485. Identi昀椀cation. Plants terrestrial, epipetric or occasion- ally epiphytes. Stems creeping, decumbent or erect, stramineous, glabrous, conspicuously articulate. Rhizo- phores dorsal, throughout stem (prostrate specimens) or restricted to stem base (decumbent to erect specimens). Lateral microphylls lanceolate, bases biauriculate, acro- scopic auricle usually more developed, overlapping the stem and curving inward, denticulate, basiscopic auri- cle short, less evident, denticulate, acroscopic margins whitish, sparsely denticulate along proximal 1/2, serrate to serrulate along distal 1/2, basiscopic margins narrowly whitish, entire to serrulate near the apices, apices acute, slightly curved, upper surfaces glabrous, smooth, with- out idioblasts, lower surfaces without idioblasts. Dorsal microphylls ovate-lanceolate, ovate-elliptic to narrowly elliptic, base biauriculate with outer auricle more devel- oped (sometimes the impression is of having only one auricle; Fig. 1C), margins narrowly hyaline, denticu- late throughout, upper surfaces without idioblasts, inconspicuous stomata along midrib, apices acumi- nate. Axillary microphylls ovate-lanceolate, bases biau- riculate, with two long denticulate auricles, commonly di昀昀erent in size, margins conspicuously hyaline, den- ticulate throughout, apices acute. Strobili quadrangular. Sporophylls subdimorphic, deltate-lanceolate, bases biauriculate, apices long-acuminate. Megasporangia sin- gle, at base of strobilus. Microsporangia throughout stro- bilus. Megaspores white, reticulate. Microspores cream to pale beige, papillate. Distribution and conservation. This species occurs in Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela (Smith 1995). In Brazil has a known geographic distribution in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará and Roraima. In addition, it is being reported here for the 昀椀rst time in Per- nambuco (Fig. 2). Occurs in rain forests, riparian forests, and grassland vegetation, in the North and Center-West of Brazil, and in “Brejos de Altitude” from Pernambuco state, Northeastern Brazil, between 0–900 m alt. Selaginella conduplicata is widely distributed in Northern Brazil and it is found in several ecosystems and habitats. This species has large populations, com- monly with many mature (fertile) individuals. Therefore, S. conduplicata is considered Least Concern (LC) within the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List categories and criteria (IUCN 2012). Discussion Selaginella conduplicata di昀昀ers from the other Brazilian articulate species by its lateral microphylls biauriculate with the acroscopic auricle longer than the basiscopic (Fig. 1D), axillary microphylls with two developed den- ticulate auricles and with denticulate margins especially on acroscopic portion (Fig. 1B). However, according to Góes-Neto et al. (2015) occasionally, both auricles of lat- eral microphylls are similar in size and shape. Selaginella conduplicata has great variability in its habit, with individuals with the main stem erect, while others have the stem completely prostrate, sometimes with long proliferous apex. Spring (1840) erroneously published, in Flora Brasil- iensis, Selaginella stellata Spring for Brazil. According to Assis (2016), when analyzing the drawings and the description referred to S. stellata it is evident that these were based on a creeping form of S. conduplicata. In addition, the name S. stellata had already been validly published by Spring (though not intentionally) two years earlier in a little-known publication (i.e., Spring 1838), where the type specimen comes from Mexico. For this reason, the publication of S. stellata in Flora Brasiliensis (Spring 1840) is a later homonym, and this name should not be applied to Brazilian specimens. For lack of knowl- edge of the work of Spring (1838), some authors such as Mickel and Beitel (1988) wrongly used the name S. stellata for Brazilian specimens, and other authors like Alston (1936) and Tryon and Stolze (1994) erroneously considered S. conduplicata as synonymous to S. stellata. Selaginella stellata occurs from Mexico to Pan- ama, whereas S. conduplicata is apparently restricted to Góes-Neto and Salino | Selaginella conduplicata in Brazilian Atlantic Forest 1285 Figure 1. Selaginella conduplicata. A. Habit. B. Lower surface of axillary microphyll. C. Upper surface of dorsal microphylls. D. Lower surface of lateral microphylls. 1286 Check List 16 (5) South America. Selaginella conduplicata di昀昀ers from S. stellata chie昀氀y, by its axillary microphylls with long- auriculate (vs usually truncate to inconspicuously short- auriculate) and denticulate (vs long-ciliate) base, lateral microphylls with acroscopic (vs basiscopic) auricle more developed and denticulate (vs long-ciliate). Acknowledgements We thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientí昀椀co e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the postdoctoral scholarship (PROTAX - 150291/2016-7) and for the research grant (PCI - 300008/2017-1) to LAAG-N and for grants to AS (446474/2015-9 and 307115/2017-8). We thank the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) for 昀椀nancial support (PROTAX - APQ-04153-15). We also thank the Iva Barros, Augusto Santiago, and Rafael Farias for the assistance during the visit of the herbaria of Recife. We are grateful to Filipe Souza for the map, Carlos Alvarez and João Silveira for the illustrations, and Ingridy Moura and Wenderson Rodrigues for the help with the images. Figure 2. Geographical distribution of Selaginella conduplicata in South American countries and in Brazilian states (highlighted in gray). The red star indicates the new record from Pernambuco state, Northeastern Brazil. Góes-Neto and Salino | Selaginella conduplicata in Brazilian Atlantic Forest 1287 Authors’ Contributions LAAG-N analyzed and identi昀椀ed the species in the her- baria, gathered the data, and wrote the paper. AS revised the manuscript. References Alston AHG (1936) The Brazilian species of Selaginella. Reperto- rium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 40 (20–25): 303– 319. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19360402005 Assis ELM (2016) Estudos taxonômicos em Selaginella P. Beauv. subgênero Stachygynandrum (P. Beauv.) Baker no Brasil. PhD dissertation, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical/Jardim Botâ- nico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 199 pp. Góes-Neto LAA (2016) Estudos taxonômicos em Selaginellaceae Willk. (Lycopodiophyta) no Brasil. PhD dissertation, Universi- dade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 255 pp. Góes-Neto LAA, Salino A (2018) Selaginella kriegeriana (Selaginella- ceae – Lycopodiopsida), an endemic new species from Brazil with notes about the genus in Caparaó National Park. Systematic Bot- any 43 (4): 920–929. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364418X697643 Góes-Neto LAA, Assis ELM, Salino A (2017) Selaginella (Selaginel- laceae) from Brazil: A new species, new records and lectotype designation. Kew Bulletin 72 (40): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/S1 2225-017-9714-5 Góes-Neto LAA, Maciel S, Pietrobom MR, Valdespino IA (2015) Li- có昀椀tas (Lycopodiophyta) do Corredor de Biodiversidade do Norte do Pará, Brasil. Rodriguésia 66 (1): 229–244. https://doi.org/10. 1590/2175-7860201566114 IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: version 3.1. Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, 32 pp. https://s3.amazonaws.com/iucnredlist-newcms/staging/public/ attachments/3097/redlist_cats_crit_en.pdf. Accessed on: 2020-5-4. Jermy AC (1986) Subgeneric names in Selaginella. Fern Gazette 13: 117–118. Jermy AC (1990) Selaginellaceae. In: Kramer KU, Green PS (Eds) Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 1. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 39–45. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-662-02604-5_11 Mickel JT, Beitel JM (1988) Pteridophyte 昀氀ora of Oaxaca, Mexico. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 46: 1–568. PPG I (Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group) (2016) A community-derived classi昀椀cation for extant lycophytes and ferns. Journal of System- atics and Evolution 54 (6): 563–603. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse. 12229. Smith AR (1995) Selaginellaceae. In: Steyermark JA, Berry PE, Holst BK (Eds) Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Volume 2. Pterido- phytes, Spermatophytes, Acanthaceae–Araceae. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 296–314. Spring AF (1838) Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Lycopodien. Flora oder Allgemeine Botanische Zeitung 21 (11): 145–158, 161–175, 177– 191, 193–205, 209–222 Spring AF (1840) Lycopodineae. II. Selaginella. In: Martius CFP (Ed.) Flora Brasiliensis, enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum: quas suis aliorumque botanicorum studiis descrip- tas et methodo naturali digestas partim icone illustratas. Vol. 1, pars II. Frid. Fleischer, Monachii, 117–132. http://doi.org/10.5962/ bhl.title.454 Thiers B (2020) Index herbariorum: a global directory of public her- baria and associated sta昀昀. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/. Accessed on: 2020-5-4. Tryon RM, Stolze RG (1994) Pteridophyta of Peru. Part VI. 22. Mar- sileaceae–28. Isoetaceae. Fieldiana Botany, New Series 34 (1461): 66–88. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2662 Tryon RM, Tryon AF (1982) Ferns and allied plants, with special ref- erence to Tropical America. Springer-Verlag, New York, 857 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8162-4 Walton J, Alston AHG (1938) Lycopodiinae. In: Verdoorn F (Ed.) Manual of Pteridology. Martinus Nijho昀昀, The Hague, Nether- lands, 500–506. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6111-6 Weststrand S, Korall P (2016) A subgeneric classi昀椀cation of Selag- inella (Selaginellaceae). American Journal of Botany 103 (12): 2160–2169. http://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1600288 Zhou XM, Zhang LB (2015) A classi昀椀cation of Selaginella (Selaginel- laceae) based on molecular (chloroplast and nuclear), macromor- phological, and spores features. Taxon 64 (6): 1117–1140. http:// doi.org/10.12705/646.2