Aspectos epidemiológicos das infecções de sítio cirúrgico em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias ortopédicas com implantes

Abstract

The Surgical Site Infection related to orthopedic procedures is a serious complication as it can prolong the patient's hospital stay, bend the re-hospitalization rates increase the cost of care and reduce the quality of life of these patients. The fact that there preventable infections, demands that health staff and institutions, the prevention of these infections. To reduce the rates it is necessary to know its true incidence and risk factors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological aspects of surgical site infections in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery with implants, in general, private hospital in Contagem - Minas Gerais - MG. We used the methodology of the National Healthcare Safety Network / Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This is a historical cohort study with a sample of 178 patients for the descriptive analysis was used simple frequency and central tendency measures like mean, median and variability as the standard deviation. To determine the association between risk factors was performed univariate analysis of all the variables of the bank, through logistic regression. The variables with p value greater than or equal to 0.05 in the univariate analysis were eligible to compose the multivariate analysis. It began with the construction of the full model and the variables were taken step by step to the definition of the final model. To define the best final model was used odds ratio and the value p <0.05. The population was characterized by mostly male, predominantly adults. They were notified nine (09) ISCs with overall rate of 5.06%. The incidence per procedure was: 2.8% in open reduction of fracture, 5.6% in total knee arthroplasty, 1.68% in total hip arthroplasty and no record in spinal fusion surgery. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated etiologic agent. The final adjustment of the multivariate model defined as risk factors for infection in orthopedic surgery to implant: cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. In conclusion, the ISC rate was below the literature, suggesting underreporting.