Análise quantitativa e qualitativa da carga de treinamento de uma equipe de futebol

Abstract

The main objective of this work was to analyze quantitatively and qualitatively training load applied to a under-17 soccer team during the first (five months) of two cycles of training planned for the season. The voluntary sample of this study was composed of 21 field soccer players, males, under-17, belonging to one of the greatest soccer clubs from the city of Belo Horizonte-MG, participant of championships at the regional, national and international levels. To register the training load in this study, the method used was the method of the planning, registration and analysis of load training (PRACTE) proposed by Szmuchrowski (1995). From the data analyzed there was a total of 9219 minutes training load distributed through 132 training sessions. Within the nature of training content (global, directed or specific) was verified the predominance of working time of specific exercise (5215 minutes 56,6%) compared to those of a global feature (3356 minutes 36,4%) and directed feature (648 7%). Such a fact was given by the current trend of, increasingly early, work with exercise of specific feature involving both technical/tactical components as the adjacent physical component. Within the four training periods of 25, 30, 33, 34 days long, respectively, can be observed from the 1st to the 3rd training period an increase of specific exercises (1st = 50%; 2nd = 56%; 3rd = 64%) and a decrease of global exercises (1st = 44%; 2nd = 37%; 3rd = 27%). Its happened due the approximation of the most important competition. Exercises of directed feature remain virtually constant within each training period (1st = 6%; 2nd = 7%; 3rd = 8%). Already in the last training period can be observed an increase amount of global exercises (3rd = 27%; 4th = 37%), a decrease of specific exercises (3rd = 64%; 4th = 56%) and a maintenance of directed exercises (3rd = 8%; 4th = 7%). The exercises of specific feature not appear, as priorities, only in the first two and last two weeks. In the first because its an introductory period, initially of general work. Already in the last two weeks due to the early elimination of the team in the championship. On top of that you see in the 2nd training week a substantial increment of specific exercises, which became a trend since this period (with the exception of the 7th), taking into account that the competition already begins in the 5th training week and runs until the 16th. The exercises of directed feature appear relativity linearity throughout the season. Finally, the exercises of global feature follow a common order of event. When the amount of specific exercise decrease, is used, together with the exercises of directed feature, exercises of global feature.