O coaching e a psicoterapia cognitiva comportamental: um estudo de metodologias afins

Abstract

The history of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy, also called as CBT, began in 1956 when Aaron Beck conducted researches about depression. He combines techniques and concepts becoming from two other main approaches, such as, cognitive and behavioral as well. But his theoretical background comes from the rational-emotive therapy (TREC), developed by the American psychologist, Albert Ellis. The CBT has showed efficacy into scientific researches. Besides, it has being one of the first theory in which recognizes the influence of thinking about affect, behavior, biology and environment, which are based on the theoretical assumptions of CBT. In this sense, individuals give proper meaning to people, events, feelings and real experienced situations. Based on that behave, in a certain measure, they build different assumptions about the future and their own identity, by reacting in different ways within specific situations, by reaching different conclusions and also assuming the risk of taking the conclusions in a distorted, non-adapted or dysfunctional ways. Thus, this behave can cause some kind of distress or social inadequacy. Coaching is a kind of intervention aimed to achieve personal and/or professional development professional, that from the 80's it starts to be incrementally developed within corporate environment, as a multidisciplinary training for professionals. Many models look like CBT methodology, although they do not use the same definitions and concepts. Both CBT and Coaching include cooperation between therapist and patient. Thus, the strategies used to overcome specific problems are planned together, working with targets, defined number of sessions, extra session exercises and so on. The literature research identified convergences as well as divergences between the approaches. Besides, it was verified that the interest for the subject Coaching has been increasing during last decade.