Reabilitação cardiovascular no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Surgical repair is an alternative for many diseases of the cardiovascular system, however, many complications can increase morbidity and mortality in patients postoperative (PO), increasing the risk inherent in the procedure. In this context, cardiac rehabilitation programs, with emphasis on exercise, are used as a method of intervention with these patients return to their usual daily activities. Objective: To review the literature on the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation in postopertive of cardiac surgery. Methods: A literature review consulted the Medline, Lilacs and PEDro. The articles identified by the initial search procedures were evaluated according to the following inclusion criteria: (1) study design: randomized controlled trial (RCT) or quasi-experimental study (no control group), (2) sample of adults - more 18 years undergoing cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass grafting or valve replacement), (3) intervention strategy should provide physical training. Results: The review included six items, involving a total of 834 individuals. The rehabilitation protocol and the measures used showed considerable variation between studies, but the cardiac rehabilitation program showed positive results in postoperative cardiac surgery patients. Conclusion: Despite the limited number of studies related to cardiac rehabilitation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and valve replacement, and given that methodological variation makes comparison between studies, there is evidence supporting the use of cardiac rehabilitation as a strategy for treating these patients.