As condições de trabalho do gari de varrição e as implicações do contexto institucional

Abstract

The research was conducted with the aim of describing the activity of street sweepers activity, public servants, in Belo Horizonte hypercenter, regarding the context of management models implemented by SLU from 1973 to 2012 and the working conditions experienced by street-sweepers. The methodological triangulation was adopted in order to achieve a better analysis of the results and it was organized in two stages: in the first the organization was described in an institutionalist perspective, the management processes of SLU, the impact of municipal policies for the operation of the municipality and workers' perceptions about them, focusing on street-sweepers and their activity. The techniques used were semi structured interviews and research to documents. The three-dimensional analysis of organizations model was adopted for the interviews and content analysis was applied. In the second stage, the working conditions of street-sweepers was described, in a psychosocial approach, considering the four categories of working conditions of the taxonomy adopted: legal and contractual conditions, physical and material conditions, processes and characteristics of the activity and sociogerencial environment. The activities of field were: structured questionnaire of working conditions (QCT), semi structured interviews and observations. The results indicated that the municipal public policies promoted changes in the institucional marks with significant impacts to the organization, interfering in its internal processes, reducing the scope of managers which the street sweepers perceive as complicator in the functioning of the local authority, reporting insecurity and dissatisfaction with the management. The physical and material conditions are predominantly problematic and autonomy (in the tasks) and the permanency in the work stretches are relevant to performing the activity. The relationship among workers and the organization pointed out the need to promote the workers' participation in the institution and management of the activity in order to value the workers' experiences, both for the preservation and promotion of workers' mental health and to the development and quality of the urban cleaning service, contributing this way to the social welfare.