Antonieta de Barros: educação, gênero e mobilidade social em Florianópolis na primeira metade do século XX

Abstract

This study assesses the role of teacher, journalist and state Rep Antonieta de Barros, one of the most important names in education, politics and the press in Florianópolis, during the first decades of the twentieth century. The central question of this research revolves around the questioning of the paths chosen by this woman, in an attempt to break the social and cultural limits to it. Her search for social mobility and her struggle for women's education and the construction of male and female roles, through her writings, are central questions for this discussion. Her Farrapos de Ideias column is the main source of this research, therefore, much of her writings were published in newspapers of Florianópolis, the press became the focal point for the dissemination of ideas. Besides the newspapers, we support our discussion on the Law on Education in the state, between the 30s and 40s, as well as in magazines created with the purpose of disseminating principles and values on a conception of what would be educating. These were published by the Colégio Coração de Jesus and the Institute of Education at the Capital, in its pages there are speeches by strong moral and Christian content, as well as discussions on topics related to new knowledge formulated by the Psychology, Sociology and Anthropology. These disciplines and their knowledge guided the training of teachers, and the school routine in the 30 and 40. The conceptions about Antonieta de Barros education, her participation in the preparation and defense of an educational model for the state of Santa Catarina, during the period Vargas were also analyzed. The life experience of Antonieta was the main thread for this research. We realize that building a network of relationships, which were part of subjects from different social classes, coupled with a respectable feminine image, gave her authority to make herself heard in that society.