Risco cardiovascula em adultos jovens obesos: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases represent the most important cause of mortality in many developed and developing countries. It is an important public health problem and has a variety of risk factors that increase the chance of a person developing them. One way related to the probability of having coronary heart disease is calculated considering the results of the Framingham Heart Study. The establishment of myocardial infarction and angina risk in ten years is measured according to age, sex, systolic blood pressure values, values of the ratio between total cholesterol and HDL fraction (High Density Lipoprotein), history of smoking and diabetes diagnosis. The study aimed to discuss the cardiovascular risk in obese young adults for the presence of risk factors in relation to the Framingham. It is an integrative review that has a theoretical evidence-based practice. The searches were done electronically in the database Virtual Libraries, National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Cochrane. After the search, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine articles were selected for the sample for this study. These results warn about the magnitude of obesity and its multifactorial aspect about the need for intervention in the pediatric age group, so that thus may be a prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults can happen. Furthermore, in relation to cardiovascular risk in obese young adults, there are few published studies. It highlights the need for further studies regarding this theme, aiming even to assist the nursing staff in decision-making in relation to planning and assistance to obese young adults and the optimization of resources.