Não basta explorá-la: representações de florestas na revista o papel (1939-1965)

Abstract

This research aims to recognize and analyze the representations of forests present in the O Papel magazine in the period from 1939 to 1965. The results point to the hegemony of representation of forests as sources of services and of resources that could become more productive as effect of the human intervention. This perspective leads to the idea that it is not enough exploit it, but that it is necessary to intervene on the forest, as the best way to protect it, and to get it to fulfill its function in the world, as from a worldview centered in the economy. From the historiography and the theoretical-methodological references adopted, we observe that this type of representation is based on the valorization of the technique and the market economic system, which implies different ways to represent the nature, and that affects the ways of acting on it, revealing crucial parameters for understanding and for approaching the elements of nature that we adopt in our contemporary context. The source is the magazine O Papel, publication in dialogue with the paper industry; and the temporal cut to this research is from 1939 to 1965, which includes the year in which the magazine appeared and the year in which the second edition of the Brazilian Forest Code was published, a milestone for the Brazilian forest area in the period. At that time, the country experienced its first great process of national industrialization, combined with the international diffusion of a developmentalist posture, in which underdeveloped countries were encouraged to adopt the standard of industrialization of developed countries to transform their realities social and economic. This process was also combined with a global Great Acceleration phase, which the academic literature attributes to changes that occurred after 2nd World War (1939-1945), that led to an intensification of production and consumption, and consequently, of human pressure on the elements of nature. This context influenced the specialization of the papermaking industry itself and, with it, the representations that would be present in the magazine O Papel of this period. Based on the concept of representations and of the historical research methodology historical about and as from print journals, we systematized 50 texts and made directed readings and interpretations, with the purpose of answering questions raised in the research, that showed the representations of forests and industries. With this, we hope that the results will be useful for expanding the discussion of history and, within it, for environmental history, but also contribute to all the areas that are dedicated to understanding and to planning and to acting, in the face of the challenge of relation of the human with the world.