As respostas dos tecidos peri-implantares à Plataforma Switching

Abstract

The longevity of the implants is related to the stability of the peri-implant tissues, the absence of changes associated with damage related to color and aesthetic shape of the soft tissue and preservation of bone/implant interface for osseointegration.The longevity of the implants is related to stability of peri-implantares fabrics, combined with the absence of changes with aesthetic damage related to color and shape of the soft tissues and the preservation of the bone/implant interface during osseous integration. Many theories trying to explain the changes in the height of the bone Crest after the restoration of the implant as: the establishment of the biological distance, inflammatory cell infiltrates, away from the implant-abutment junction (JHA) of the bone Crest, gingival biotype and stress concentration due to occlusal load. The implants with switching platform are considered the most new concepts to prevent the reabsorption of bone crest. This technique uses a lower abutment diameter compared to the implant platform, associating the internalisation of microgap between abutment and the implant. The goal of this work was to carry out a review of the literature on current evidence of switching platform concept in dental implants, evaluating the response of peri-implants tissues in the long term, taking into consideration: the placement of the implant, your contact with bone and bone resorption, mucosa thickness influence of peri-implant, mechanical tension in the alveolar bone crest, exposure of the implant to the oral environment and biological distance and restoring the esthetic zone. The work showed that both internal and external implants hexagons with switching platform features a restored less bone loss at the time of insertion of definitive prostheses and after one year, compared with the prostheses are not switching platform. The level of tension in the bone Crest around the implant platform reduces switching in relation to its configuration with the distance between the bone-implant interface of the surface and the surface tension concentration of JHA. It is believed that the microorganism moves toward the high-energy area, away from the bone. The thickness of the mucous membrane in the region that receives the implants influence in bone loss. Studies observed that if the mucosa, at the time of placing the implant is less than or equal to 2 mm, does prevent bone loss, even using the technique switching platform. Within the limitations of this study can conclude that when the soft tissue around the implant is fine, there is increased bone loss. The configuration of the switching platform has advantages because the biomechanical changes the area of concentration of voltage away from the bone-implant interface. The switching platform departs the bacterial contamination of marginal bone, maintaining the biological distance and ensuring the organic seal. The switching platform avoids cosmetic deformities, phonetic problems, increased food impaction and subgingival bacterial colonization.