Concepções, atitudes e práticas do médico no atendimento da criança e do adolescente obesos

Abstract

Obesity is a disease on universal rise of complex causality and of great importance on the clinical and epidemiological points of view by its relationship with various diseases, especially Type II Diabetes and Hypertension. It is difficult to treat and currently one of the most common nutritional disorders in children and adolescents. The reasons for the failures and noncompliance to the treatment, frequently observed in obese care services are still poorly understood. Among the aspects that influence adherence, the quality of doctor-patient relationship has been emphasized. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate aspects related to the health professionals performance and experience - their conceptions, attitudes and practices on approaching the obesity of children and adolescents - identifying factors that influence treatment outcomes. It was used qualitative methodology of content and part-open interviews for collecting data. To build the sample, purposive sampling of convenience was used. The method of qualitative analysis of content was used on analyzing the interviews. For the interviews, were invited professionals considered reference to their peers in service to primary and secondary health care. Data collection was interrupted after six responses according to the saturation criteria. We have worked with Qualitative Content Analysis of interviews. Among the impasses perceived directly related to the performance of the professional, there is primarily the limitations arising from a conception possibly attributed to medical training, focused on biotech model, which assimilates a paradigm that does not address the subjectivity. The result is the hegemonic exercise of a clinic centered on technical and prescriptive act, at the expense of the clinic that values listening, in which the doctor gives the patients space to talk about themselves, allowing also subjective demands of treatment to arise. Therefore, a biological and prescriptive intervention, at the expense of the psychosocial aspects involved in the process, which can lead to losses in the professional-patient bond and great missed opportunities for prevention and treatment. The opening for careful listening that values the subjectivity can be a possible way to building and strengthening ties to professional and health service