Avaliação da densidade mineral óssea em mulheres com mais de 60 anos e suas correlações clínicas e epidemiológicas

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis is characterized by loss of bone mass and deterioration of bone micro-array. Its clinical importance lies on increased susceptibility to fractures and their complications. The main risk factors are: female gender, post menopausal status, being underweight, some medications (steroids), some diseases (hyper parathiroydism, reumathoid arthritis), and smoking. Objectives: to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis in a sample of patients at the Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, and evaluate the associated risk factors, particularly in the post menopause female population. Methods: we conducted a cross sectional study at the Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, between 2014 e 2015, where 1207 patients medical records were analyzed. All patients were older than 60 years old and underwent dual energy X-ray absortiometry. We collected the following data: gender, age, ethnic group, body mass index (BMI), smoking and time since menopause. These data were correlated to the presence of osteoporosis, according to the T-score of femur and lumbar spine. Results: 406 patients had osteoporosis (37,9% of women and 18,9% of men). In the non adjusted analysis, age beyond 80 years was associated with osteoporosis, as opposed to ethnic group and smoking. BMI and time since menopause beyond 25 years remained independently associated to osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: osteoporosis had high prevalence in the studied group, and BMI and time since menopause were independent risk factors for osteoporosis.