Perfil e custos de hospitalização de pacientes com esquizofrenia no Sistema Único de Saúde de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Schizophrenia is responsible for a large proportion of hospital admissions for mental illness. Because of the scarce resources for health, the trend reduction of psychiatric beds and restructuring of extra hospital care network to the mentally ill, cost estimates and the profile of patients hospitalized for schizophrenia it is necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the factors associated with length of hospital stay and estimate the average cost of psychiatric hospitalization of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia in the period 2010 to 2013, in psychiatric hospitals of the Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (Fhemig) under the perspective of the National Health System. For this purpose, revisions were carried out to the medical records of 1,928 patients with high schizophrenia (ICD-10 F20,0 the F20,9) and 2,465 admissions. Sociodemographic and therapeutic information were collected in proper form. The costing used was for absorption. Most patients were male (67.8%), single or had no stable partner (83.8%), they studied until elementary school (65.1%), they did not exercise labor activity (67.7%) and just over half (54.9%) lived within the city of hospital care. The average time reported of the disease was 13.2 years (DP = 10,196). Forty-six point five percent of patients reported drugs usage and 25.9% had comorbid record. The average time of hospitalization ranged from 1 to 453 days, with an average of 30.3 (± 37.45) days and median of 20 days. Sex, place of residence, type of admission, therapeutic profile and antipsychotic used showed statistically significant association with length of hospital stay in multivariate linear regression model. The average daily cost of psychiatric hospitalization was R$ 386.57 per patient and R$ 11,713.07 per admission with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. We found that most schizophrenic inpatients were male, single, had a low educational level and no occupational activity. The cost of hospitalization was considered high and the long length of stay was associated to the sociodemographic and clinical variables sex, place of residence, willingness of the patient and antipsychotic use.