O farmacêutico na atenção básica: a experiência da equipe de Programa Saúde da Família frente à atenção farmacêutica

Abstract

Pharmaceutical Care has been developed in order to decrease the morbi-mortality related to the use of medicines. It is a model of professional practice that involves the face to face relation between pharmacist and patient, in which the first one takes responsibility for thedrug-related needs of the second one, guided by a philosophical professional practice, based on a method or process of specific care e supported by a well designed practice management system. The Family Health Strategy (FHS) prioritizes prevention actions, promotion andregain of health. In this model the producing unit of services is a team formed by a doctor, a nurse, two assistant nurses and four to six community healthy agents. In order to provide a full care it is necessary to think of a team of professionals that contemplates the individualsbio-psycho-social needs. In this perspective we believe that including the pharmacist in this group may bring unique contributions to the peoples health. Therefore the goal of this study was to reveal the experience of the FHS professionals towards the Pharmaceutical Care. The used methodology was the qualitative research with phenomenological approach since the objectives of the research are related to the human experience. The techniques used were the participant observation and ten semi-structured interviews. The comprehensive analysis of thedata raveled three categories; the first one Talking about difficultiesa gap in the service is about the difficulties faced by the team in the work production because of the limits imposed by the biomedical model which prescribes ways of care impermeable to the peoples everyday life and the difficulties faced by the team giving responses to the problemsexperienced by the patients using medicines. The second category Towards the Pharmaceutical Care describes how the FHS team experience the Pharmaceutical Care. They realize that the focus of the pharmacists job changes radically going from the medicineto the patient and acts directly onto this one. Furthermore structural aspects of this practice are identified, such as the focus on the experience with the use of medicines and the rationalprocess of making decisions. The Pharmaceutical Care has the strengthening of the pacients autonomy as one of its strongest characteristics. It is based on a philosophy of work thatexcels in a dialogical relation with the patient and allows him to assume himself as subject of his own process of health. The dispensation also appears as an attribution of the pharmacist, though it is seen almost essentially as a medicine delivery service. Sum to it the activitiesof the pharmacy with strong managing and bureaucratic characteristics. The last category Relations among Professionals relates that the practices established between the pharmacist and the team provide interventions lighted up by the exchange of experiences, with respectamong the involved professionals, which brought up as results the full care of the assisted users health.