Análise das percepções da qualidade de vida, do estresse e da recuperação de atletas de voleibol de diferentes categorias

Abstract

The sports training is a complex process, regular and charted that aims to improve the athletes´ performance. When well oriented, provides biological, psychological and social benefits. The lack of awareness regarding the dosage and the limits of practice of sport, can cause health and quality of life problems and may stop athlete, temporarily or permanently in his career. This study aimed to examine the general perceptions of life quality, stress and recovering federated male athletes from different categories of volleyball in the preparatory period (T1) and in the competitive period (T2). The specific objective was to compare such perceptions, in each category, in order to ascertain whether there would be changes in T2. 48 athletes participated in the study, 14 in the adult category (A), aged between 19 to 32 years old; 16 athletes in the juvenile category (IJ), aged between 16 to 18 years old; and 18 athletes in the Infantile Category (I), aged between 14 to 16 years old. A questionnaire was used for demographics characterization of the sample, the WHOQOL_bref questionnaire to analysis the Life Quality and RESTQ-76 Sport for the analysis of stress and recovery. There was a positive assessment of health and life quality in three categories, there are no significant differences between T1 and T2. Perceptions of stress and recovery varied in T2 similarly in base categories, resulting in a decrease in some scales of stress and a maintenance in recovery, however, in the adult category there was an increased in three scales of stress and decreasing in the one scale of recovery. Maintaining high volume trained in category A, as well as increased pressure for winning that occurs in professional sport, added the experience of defeat in two consecutive games may have contributed to the increase in overall stress, somatic complaints and disorders in the range, which consequently decreased general wellbeing of these athletes. The experiences of victory prior to the second period of data collection as well as the increased competition generated by motivation may have contributed to the reduction of stress scales and maintaining scales of recovery in base categories.