Epidemiologia das lesões traumáticas da dentição permanente de crianças e adolescentes nas tribos Maxakali e Krenak

Abstract

There is a dearth of data on the oral health of Brazilian aborigines. Anepidemiological survey was carried out in two Indian tribes, Maxakali andKrenak, as a result of the partnership between the Dental School of the Health Science Faculty University of Vale do Rio Doce (FACS-UNIVALE) and the National Health Foundation (FUNASA). The maxakali Indians live in the district of Bertopolis and Santa Helena de Minas in Vale do Mucuri and the krenak in the city of Resplendor. The inclusion of demographic, etiological and clinical data and its relationship with trauma to the permanent dentition was considered of interest. All children and adolescents aged 6 to 21 years old were invited to participate, with a total of 69 krenak Indians and 226 maxakali Indians. They were interviewed and examined. The classification proposed by CÔRTES (2001) was used to assess not only the status of the injured teeth, but also the sequel of the traumatic injury and treatment provided. Data on age, sex, type oftrauma and type and number of teeth affected were considered in this survey. Besides that, it was also investigated the relationship between the degree of overjet and lip coverage and the presence of dental trauma.For the krenak Indians the prevalence of dental trauma was 27,6% andthe highest prevalence occurred at the age of 10. Dental trauma was associated with age and overjet. Thus a krenak Indian 19 to 21 years old with an overjet >5mm had 77,3% probability of having dental trauma at the time of the examination. The main etiology was fall during playing activities (29,5%) and most of the accidents occurred at home (37,5%) followed by the accidents in "Córrego da Gata" (25,0%). The most common type of teeth affected were the maxillary central incisors (35,6%) presenting mostly enamel fracture (53,8%). In the Maxakali tribe the prevalence of dental trauma (6,6%) was lower than that found amongst the krenak Indians. However it was not possible to identify the peak age for the maxakali Indians since only 3 of them reported the age of the accident. The prevalence of dental trauma was associated with ageand sex. Thus a male maxacali Indian aged 19 to 21 years old had 39,5%probability of having dental trauma at the time of the examination. The main etiology was fall from horse riding (30,0%) and most of accidents occurred on the road near the village (30,0%). The most common type of teeth affected were the upp er central incisors (6,6%), presenting mostly avulsion (36,0%).