Iniciação esportiva universal: efeitos sobre o conhecimento tático e a coordenação motora de escolares de áreas urbana e rural

Abstract

The study evaluated the effects of the application of the methodology of sports education denominated Universal Sport Initiation-IEU on the levels of tactical knowledge and motor coordination of schoolchildren in urban and rural areas. The sample consisted of 24 children aged 12 years (± 1.25), of both sexes (15 female and 9 male), public school students from urban (10) and rural (14) Santarém, state of Pará (PA). The intervention was based on the UIS model during physical education classes in an urban school (20 lessons) and a rural school (22 classes). The tactical process knowledge was evaluated through the Tactical Tactical Knowledge Test (TCTP: OE) performed with hands and feet; the gross motor coordination was evaluated by the KTK test and the motor coordination with ball using the Ball Coordination Test (TCB). Classes were filmed and categorized according to Stefanello's protocol (1998). The tests were applied in 4 evaluation moments. For analysis of the data, two-way ANOVA (School x Moment) was performed with repeated measures in the Moment factor. We used the Friedman test, with Wilcoxon post hoc and Bonferroni correction, to analyze the data that did not show normal distribution (motor coordination with ball and procedural tactical knowledge). The significance level of 5% was established and the effect size was calculated. The results reported a positive effect on motor performance (coarse and ball coordination). However, at the level of tactical behavior no significant differences were found in any of the schools. The results highlight the challenge of applying innovative methodological alternatives to physical education classes and sports schools, in terms of the development of gaming capacity.