Influência do curinga no comportamento tático de jogadores de futebol em diferentes categorias durante pequenos jogos

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the tactical behavior measured by the fundamental tactical principles and the tactical performance, measured by positive percentage of offensive and defensive principles, in small games with the introduction of the joker in young soccer players of different categories. Thirty-two soccer players from the U-14 (16) and the U-13 (16) category participated in the study. Three small game protocols were used: numerical equality (3vs.3), a joker for both teams (3vs.3+1a) and joker for each team (3vs.3 + 1b). Eight series with a duration of four minutes and four minutes of passive pause were carried out for each protocol and both categories. The behavior and tactical performance evaluated through the Football Tactical Assessment System (FUT-SAT). Two-way ANOVA, mixed design (protocols x categories) were used to compare tactical behavior, tactical offensive principles (penetration, offensive coverage, space, mobility and offensive unit) and defensive (containment, defensive coverage, equilibrium, concentration and defensive unity); tactical performance, percentage of correct offensive and defensive principles in the U-13 and U-14 categories. The significance level of 5% was established and the effect size (partial ²) was calculated. The results indicate a higher incidence of offensive coverage in the U-14, and penetration in the U-13. Observed more space actions with ball in the U-14-14 in the 3vs.3 protocol in relation to 3vs.3 + 1a, and greater tactical performance in the U-13 in the 3vs.3 + 1b protocol. As for the protocols, the presence of the joker increased the incidence of offensive coverage in both categories. In addition, there was an increase in the incidence of space without ball and defensive balance, in the protocol 3vs.3+1b when compared with the others. Concluded that the U-14 category presents better support to the ball carrier while the U-13 presents tactical behavior characteristic of the rudimentary model. In addition, the introduction of the joker encourages more actions to support the ball carrier regardless of category. Finally, the protocol 3vs.3+1b provides more width and depth, as well as numerical defensive balance and superiority in the lateral zones of the game center.