Efeito do exercício aeróbico na aptidão cardiorrespiratória, velocidade da marcha e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disease resulting from the lack of dopamine and functional loss of dopaminergic cells. It is a the most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. PD is characterized by reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, mobility limitations and worse report quality of life. Aerobic exercise may be an intervention strategy to imporve cardiorespiratory fitness, walking speed and quality of life. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness, walking speed and quality of life in individuals with PD. For this systematic review, the following databases were searched: MEDLINE (Pubmed), PEDro, Scielo and LILACS: "randomized controlled trial", "Parkinson's Disease" and "aerobic exercise". The quality of the studies was evaluated by the PEDro scale. Thirteen randomized controlled trials were included in this study. The median methodological quality of the studies was 7 (PEDro scale). The sample consisted of men and women, study included from 14 to 96 participants, divided into two or three groups. Most studies included used treadmill or overground walking as an aerobic exercise modality. The measurement instruments were heterogeneous, but the peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) during the maximal cardiorespiratory test, the 6-minute walk test and the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ 39) were frequently used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness , walking speed and quality of life, respectively. The results of the majority of the included studies showed that aerobic exercise improved cardiorespiratory fitness, walking speed and quality of life of individuals with PD. Therefore, this is an intervention strategy recommended to individuals with PD.