A identificação de risco nutricional de pacientes internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva adulto

Abstract

It is important to emphasize that in patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit, the presence of malnutrition is frequent and often already installed before hospitalization, is characterized as a disease caused by low intake of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, lipids and minerals. Checking the nutritional status of the patients soon after hospital admission is fundamental so that they can have better orientation in the conducts to be taken. The scope of the study is the identification of nutritional risk in the admission of patients to an adult intensive care unit. It is an integrative review, the search was performed in the Virtual Library in Health Nursing (VHL), in the LILACS, BDENF, IBECS, CUMED and MEDLINE databases, a total of 928 articles were identified. In order to include bibliographical data, articles that were electronically available in full, that met the study objective, were published between 2008 and 2018 (the time frame that best met the expectations related to the research problem). Exclusion criteria were qualitative method articles, non-research publications such as editorials, articles with a focus on pediatric nutrition whose titles were not related to the theme and did not meet the study's objective. The final sample of this review consisted of 04 articles, selected by inclusion criteria previously established. In the results, adequate diagnosis is essential for a nutritional therapy to be started as soon as possible. The use of a risk identification method, which is reliable, easy and quick to execute, low cost and non-invasive is essential for the health team to take care of the patient during hospitalization. It was concluded that nutritional intervention in patients at risk of malnutrition leads to a better prognosis, reducing morbidity and mortality rates, contributing to the adequate recovery of hospitalized patients.