Ações de uma equipe multiprofissional: o atendimento do adolescente em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa

Abstract

The phenomenon of hyperspecialization has caused the fragmentation of knowledge that negatively impacts on work relationships, which decreases collaboration and interaction between professionals. Teamwork emerges as a strategy to reduce the incompleteness of knowledge and horizontal relationships. One of the most important points in adolescent care in socio-educational measures is teamwork, which aims to make responsible and resocialize adolescents in conflict with the law. Thus, this research aims to analyze teamwork, developed in a socio-educational unit of deprivation of liberty located in the city of Belo Horizonte / Minas Gerais, according to the perspective of the multiprofessional team. The population consisted of professionals from a team who had been working in the center for at least one year, excluding those who were away from work at the time of data collection, one from each professional category. In the presence of more than one professional per category, the one with the longest working time in that team was included. An interview was used as a data collection instrument composed of a hypothetical case and a semi-structured script, both designed for this purpose. The analytical course of the data was performed through content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Seven professionals from the multiprofessional team participated in the study, which corresponds to 01 professionals from each category that make up the team according to legislation: legal assistant, social worker, dentist, nurse, pedagogue, psychologist and occupational therapist. From the interviews, six categories emerged regarding the facilitating aspects of teamwork: knowing each other's work and knowledge, physical proximity, discussions in formal spaces, cohesive discourse, affinity team and good management. As for the aspects that make teamwork difficult, four categories emerged, namely: absence of dialogue, absence of consensus, exclusive competence by category, and external impediments to the performance of the multiprofessional team. The latter, composed of four subcategories: lack of recognition, turnover of professionals and managers, characteristics of adolescents and lack of resources. It is concluded that, although the team demonstrates to understand the importance of interdisciplinary work and the desire to work as a team, communication occurs through the logic of information transmission. Beyond the perception of the team, we identified that the norms that guide the execution of the socio-educational measure have a reduced understanding of what teamwork would be, guiding professionals to act in isolation. From the adopted theoretical framework proposed by Peduzzi (2001) and West and Lyubovnikova (2012, 2013), we find that the study team resembles a grouping team and behaves like a pseudo-team