Projeto de intervenção para aumentar adesão ao exame Papanicolau na Estratégia de saúde da Família do Município de Conceição de Ipanema, Minas Gerais

Abstract

The present work aims to elaborate an intervention project to increase the adherence of sexually active women aged 25 to 64 years to the Pap smear in the Health Strategy of the Family Coffee and Milk in the municipality of Conceição de Ipanema, Minas Gerais. Among the neoplasms that affect the female sex, cervical cancer is the third most frequent tumor behind breast and colorectal cancer and occupies the fourth place of the total deaths of women by cancer in Brazil. In relation to cervical cancer prevention actions in primary care, two levels of prevention are established: primary prevention through the use of condoms during sexual intercourse, which avoids the transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the secondary prevention that is performed by Pap smear (preventive or cytological examination). Offered by the public health system, the Pap smear is able to identify precancerous lesions that, if treated early, decrease the incidence of invasive carcinoma and, consequently, mortality from cervical cancer. The methodology used was the one recommended in the Situational Strategic Planning (PES). Initially, the situational diagnosis was performed using the fast estimation method. Faced with a great number of problems, it was necessary to prioritize them. From these two stages the work was developed along the next steps recommended by the Strategic Situational Planning. These steps relate to critical nodes and enable targeted and effective intervention to solve the problem. Bibliographical revisions were made using the databases of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in the Secretariat of Planning-Minas Gerais and in the Virtual Library of the Nucleus of Education in Collective Health (NESCON). For search in literature the search sites: Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). From the rapid estimate, the health team concluded that the low adhesion to the Pap smear should be immediately reversed, since it is a public health problem and that through health promotion actions, with early detection and appropriate treatment, it can reduce morbidity and mortality caused by cancer of the uterine cervix. In this way, several actions were proposed to confront this disease through projects developed by the team as: Saber +; + Health; Better Care and Care Line. With these actions, the health team aims to increase the adherence of women to the Pap smear, adopting it as an annual routine examination, as this is the main method for prevention of cervical cancer.