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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/32324
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dc.contributor.advisor1Fernando Araújo Perinipt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1589000434383051pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodriguespt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Rodrigo Parisi Dutrapt_BR
dc.creatorLeila Alessandra Martins Birkenheadpt_BR
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7293418867743294pt_BR
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-03T13:52:26Z-
dc.date.available2020-02-03T13:52:26Z-
dc.date.issued2019-04-26-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1843/32324-
dc.description.resumoThe phylogeny of Canidae has been inferred by many authors using different types of data. There is a consensus among molecular and combined phylogenies that the South American canids, a clade named Cerdocyonina, are monophyletic and divided in two major clades which are Chrysocyon + Speothos and Cerdocyon + Atelocynus + Lycalopex. The clade Cerdocyon + Atelocynus + Lycalopex has 8 species and the relationships among them are contradictory in both molecular and combined phylogenies. In the morphological phylogenies the incongruence within this clade is even greater. The presence of polymorphism in datasets, molecular and morphological, has instigated authors to create different coding methods. Since the report of polymorphism within Canidae is recent, different coding methods have not been tested with this data. This study aims to evaluate how different coding methods affects the phylogeny of the clade Cerdocyon + Atelocynus + Lycalopex. Our morphological dataset was coded by six coding methods and we compared the results to a molecular tree we generated based in sequences downloaded from Genbank. We also proposed a new coding method named Frequency-as-continuous. We obtained the largest sampling for the clade Cerdocyon + Atelocynus + Lycalopex ever assembled. The percentage of polymorphic entries in our dataset was higher than any other matrix. We did not recover a tree that had 100% similarity to the molecular tree. The topologies of the trees obtained by the matrices coded by the Frequency-bins and Frequency-as-continuous methods were similar. The trees which were most similar to the molecular tree were obtained from the matrices coded with the Polymorphic and the Frequency-bins methods respectively. Sample size affects the coding of polymorphism. We presumed the incongruence observed between phylogenies for the study group, which used morphological characters, could be linked to the high polymorphism present in the clade. We recommend using states frequencies as a guide to code any matrix because it reduces subjectiveness when coding.pt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorpt_BR
dc.languageengpt_BR
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal de Minas Geraispt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentICB - INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLOGICASpt_BR
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Zoologiapt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsUFMGpt_BR
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopt_BR
dc.subjectPhylogeny Canidaept_BR
dc.subjectCerdocyoninapt_BR
dc.subjectSouth American canidspt_BR
dc.subjectMorphologypt_BR
dc.subjectPolymorphismpt_BR
dc.subjectCoding methodspt_BR
dc.subjectFrequencypt_BR
dc.subjectFrequency-as-continuospt_BR
dc.subject.otherZoologiapt_BR
dc.subject.otherFilogeniapt_BR
dc.subject.otherMorfologia (Animais)pt_BR
dc.subject.otherPolimorfismo Genéticopt_BR
dc.subject.otherCanidaept_BR
dc.titleThe effects of polymorphic characters in the phylogeny of the clade Cerdocyon + Atelocynus + Lycalopex (Mammalia, Carnivora, Canidae, Cerdocyonina) based on morphological characterspt_BR
dc.typeDissertaçãopt_BR
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