Análise molecular do DNA-HPV-16 e HPV-6/11 em amostras de condiloma acuminado e carcinoma penianos

Abstract

Penile cancer is represented by 2% of the cases of cancer associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Their diagnosis is usually late, leading to expensive and aggressive treatments, mutilation and even limb amputation. HPV is also associated with a benign proliferative lesion called condyloma acuminata, which has high morbidity. There is strong evidence that patients with condylomata acuminata are more likely to develop malignant tumors when compared to patients without condyloma. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the presence and genotyping of HPV by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), in 23 penile cancer and 86 condylomata acuminata samples, as well as to verify HPV-6/11 and HPV viral load -16 and the physical state of HPV-16 by real-time PCR. The prevalence of HPV infection was 52% in the carcinoma samples and 80% in the condyloma samples. Multiple infections with high and low risk carcinogenic viruses were found in 12% of the samples, being frequent in benign lesions. A wide range of viral load was found for both HPV-6/11 and HPV-16. It can be observed the frequent presence of high viral loads in more serious lesions, however the great variation found may hinder the use of viral load as a marker in the early diagnosis of penile cancer. Most HPV-16 infected condyloma acuminata samples showed some degree of integration (75%), as well as all samples of penile carcinoma, suggesting that integration is a frequent phenomenon and may be an important factor for carcinogenesis, but not unique.