O uso do BPM no mapeamento de processos nas organizações: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

Process mapping enables understanding and supports decision making to improve business process performance in organizations. Process mapping is the initial step in determining the success of business process management projects. Consequently, implementing process mapping with the appropriate characteristics for public and private organizations is relevant in any scenario, especially that of financial scarcity. The objective of this research was to know and analyze the use of process mapping in different projects, using BPM (Business Process Management) methodology. As specific objectives it sought to understand the characteristics of the BPM methodology in the strategy of management by processes, describing them to verify the uses that are being adopted in projects in organizations in general. The theoretical foundations contemplated concepts about processes, process modeling, process mapping and the area of Business Process Management (BPM), initiated as a disciplinary field in 2003, by the Association of Business Process Management Professionals (ABPMP), with the mission of developing a knowledge construction in this field. It is qualified as multidisciplinary research because it brings a theoretical reference that encompasses an Information Science approach, with the principles of information representation as an element that benefits the informational flow in organizations, since it is an element that disambiguates the informational system, helping communication inside and outside the organization, that is a relevant factor in the Process Management area. The methodology is characterized as of basic nature, with exploratory and descriptive objectives, applying bibliographic procedures for data collection. It uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method for data collection, whose protocol for conducting the review was built in three stages: planning, execution and selection. It used the Mendeley reference management and StArt systematic review programs. As results, the SLR recovered 189 documents, 104 in the Business Process Management Journal (BPMJ) from Emerald Insight, 16 in Scopus and 69 in Web of Science. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final sample was left with 25 documents, for analysis of the complete document. For these documents, the summary matrices of the categories defined in the SLR protocol are presented, as well as the patterns found in the evidence, making associations with the concepts adopted in the theoretical basis. For the graphic representation of these associations, the conceptual map is used, that is a type of knowledge organization system (KOS) that allows organizing and graphically representing knowledge in a structured and semantic way. It is considered that the content of the synthesis matrix of evidence found in the documents can contribute to the implementation of process mapping projects using BPM methodology, supporting decisions, based on scientific publications, for the community of practice or any researchers interested in the topic.