Análise temporal do uso e ocupação do terreno do Parque Estadual do Biribiri e de sua Zona de Amortecimento, município de Diamantina, Minas Gerais / temporal analysis from the land use and occupation of the biribiri state park and its buffer zone (...)

Abstract

The Biribiri State Park, located in the Upper Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, is characterized by geological, morphopedological and geoenvironmental features giving it attributes of great economic potential, but also extremely fragile, a fact that justified its creation. This scenario led to aim of this study, which is to analyze the evolution of land use and occupation in the area park as well as its buffer zone. For methodology the purpose encompassed literature review, the recognition of the park and surrounding area of the field and conducting maps of land use and occupation in the period between 1991 and 2011 by Multispec software from Landsat 5 images with composition bands R5G4B3. The landscape classification, consisting of native vegetation types in the region, was: Savanna/Forestry Associate Formation; Campestre Formation, Rocky Outcrop. The class characterized by human action was called Solo Exposed. The park area, for the period 1991/1994, there is a tendency of stabilization of Campestre Formation and a decrease of Savanna/Associated Forest Formation. This reduction is due to the time required for its regeneration since the images analyzed were obtained in the drier seasons combined recurrence of forest fires. The temporal maps showed a trend of stabilization for Exposed Soil class. Even in the period before the creation of the park this category was less than 1% in your area. The reality exposed by temporal analysis of the land use and occupation disagrees with the information in question contained in Management Plan of the Biribiri Park, which states that traditional nature activities were determining factors for the loss of environmental quality in areas of the parks.