Caracterização da distribuição territorial dos estabelecimentos que integram o Sistema Único de Saúde em Montes Claros - MG, 2019

Abstract

The Brazilian Health Reform movement and the creation of the Unified Health System (SUS) are among the most studied themes in the history of the health in Brazil. These events enabled the recognition of health as a right, and the implementation of a public health system of universal access. Regionalization at SUS is an essential strategy for the decentralization process, which is one of the principles of this health system. In this context, it is necessary to articulate neighboring municipalities in order to establish a health network capable of providing care to the population through the distribution of costs and investments, as well as providing the creation of common goals and objectives. This study presents the description of the health system in the macroregion Norte de Minas and its microregions using data from the health Regionalization Master Plan (PDR) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The objective of this research is to characterize the territorial distribution of the establishments that integrate the Unified Health System in Montes Claros - MG, a pole city at the macro and micro levels of the Norte de Minas health macroregion. In order to map the establishments that integrate SUS in Montes Claros, data collected in 2019 from the National Registry of Health Establishments (CNES) were used. These data were inserted in an electronic spreadsheet (Excel) and, after being checked, they were treated in the ArcGIS 10.2 program for the preparation of maps, and overlapped per capita income and distribution of inhabitants data for spatial analysis and identification of the population profile of regions assigned to health facilities. The mapping made it possible to identify the distribution of health establishments in Montes Claros, and the main results point to an agglomeration of establishments in all three levels of care in the most central planning regions of the municipality. The establishments are not evenly distributed in the municipality and its planning regions, and characteristics such as the number of inhabitants and income may influence this distribution. It is highlighted the fact that this research demonstrates the potential of using a set of geoprocessing tools to support decision making for the management of public health policies and their respective evaluations. The use of maps enables to cross this spatial information with other cartographic bases and, yet, with data from other agencies, which may favor, among other dimensions, the administration of public resources.