Atuação da Equipe Multidisciplinar do Instituto Médico Legal de Belo Horizonte frente ao rompimento da Barragem B1, da Mina do Córrego do Feijão, em Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Abstract

The disruption of the B1 Dam of the Córrego do Feijão mine, in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil, on January 25, 2019 resulted in environmental destruction, suffering and deaths. The objective of this study is to discuss the performance of professionals from the Legal Medical Institute of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, in the face of the realization of technical-scientific expertise in fatal victims and in the care of their families, caused by the rupture of the dam. A qualitative-quantitative study was carried out, of a descriptive-explanatory type, whose instruments were structured and semi-structured questionnaires applied to the workers of the institute, which addressed sociodemographic aspects, personal and structural difficulties in carrying out the work and their perception in this specific work. Documentary research was also carried out, aiming at describing the fatal victims, according to sociodemographic aspects, physical characteristics of the bodies, time elapsed between the day of the tragedy and the arrival of the bodies and time elapsed between the entry and release of the bodies by IML / BH / MG. For this purpose, computerized spreadsheets from the Social Assistance Room at IML / BH were used, as well as a search in the database of arrival and departure of bodies from 01/25/2019 to July / 2020 and the necropsy report model. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, with the Project: CAAE - 02235212.2.0000.5149. The quantitative data were typed and stored in a database elaborated in the statistical software SPSS version 20, which were analyzed according to simple frequency, bivariate analysis and correspondence analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis, as proposed by Bardin. Additionally, quantitative and descriptive data about the autopsies performed are presented. The results of the research suggest that the composition and performance of the multidisciplinary team were essential for the success of the work, observing difficulties in relation to space, personnel and equipment. The work of the multidisciplinary team brought from the experience: learning, overcoming, loads, risks and suffering in the work process. It was concluded that the work of all the professionals involved allowed the reception of the bodies of the fatal victims, the reception of their families and the identification and release of the bodies for proper legal procedures and burial. In the historical context of the Legal Medical Institute of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, the massive disaster of January 25, 2019, in Brumadinho / MG, is a landmark that explains the multidisciplinary expert and technical performance of the professionals involved in one of the largest extended work accidents with fatal victims occurred in Brazil.bodies of the fatal victims, the identification and release of the bodies for burial.