Mortalidade de mulheres em idade fértil no Brasil, 1996 A 2016

Abstract

Introduction: Women, the majority of the Brazilian population, have their living, health and death conditions influenced by the demographic, epidemiological, political, social and health care changes that have taken place in recent decades. Objective: To analyze the evolution of mortality of women of childbearing age residing in Brazil according to sociodemographic characteristics and causes of death, from 1996 to 2016. Method: Ecological time series study with secondary analysis of data on deaths of women of childbearing age living in Brazil, from 1996 to 2016. The data used were collected from the Datasus Mortality Information System and the population data used to The rates were calculated from the IBGE. Data analysis was performed by proportional distribution according to sociodemographic variables of women of childbearing age in Brazil, stratified by year and region of residence. The gross mortality rate was calculated according to the underlying causes of deaths per ICD-10 chapter, stratified by region, age group and race / color. To evaluate the evolution of mortality rates in the period, the Spearman Correlation Coefficients were calculated and the significance level considered was 0.05. Results: In Brazil, from 1996 to 2016, 1,367,457 deaths of women of childbearing age occurred. The main causes of death were found in Chapters of Neoplasms (Cap II) with MDR-TB of 22.7, Circulatory Diseases (Cap IX) with MDR-TB of 21.1, External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality (Cap XX) with TBM of 19.3, Some infectious and parasitic diseases (Cap I) with 9.4 TBM and Symptoms, signs and abnormal findings from clinical and laboratory examinations, not elsewhere classified (Cap XVIII) with 9.2 TBM. The gross mortality rate was increasing with increasing age in the main chapters, except for the external causes chapter. The highest gross mortality rates in women of childbearing age were found for race / color “Black”. Conclusion: The reduction in deaths of women of childbearing age in Brazil is still slow, which vary according to age, race / color, especially in the North and Northeast. The still high and slowly declining rates of early and preventable mortality of women of childbearing age point to the need to rethink the path of public policies for improving the quality of women's health care in the country.