O que aconteceu? Indagações sobre o real nos acidentes de trabalho

Abstract

This thesis was developed through a theoretical research, with interpretive reading and discussion of clinical vignettes extracted from the research field that are articulated with the formalizations performed and the clinical practice. The work clinics, especially the Ergology of Yves Schwartz and the psychoanalysis of the teachings of Freud and Lacan, constituted the theoretical orientations that supported the construction of the research, either through the direct study of these authors or contemporary authors who are oriented in these aspects. The problem that motivated the research considers that work accidents are a multi-causal phenomenon, what can we hear from the subject, in this context, from their meanings? Thus, the general objective of listening to patients seen at the outpatient clinics of Hospital João XXIII, in Belo Horizonte, was established, in order to contribute to analyzes of the real settings in work accidents. Listening as a theoretical - methodological element for Psychoanalysis and Ergology exposes all its primacy in this work. The path followed went through a study of the real in work accidents through the categories: contingency, acting-out, transition to the act, flawed acts, beliefs / refusal to know and working conditions (management). Considering that, since Freud, acts are not innocent, they are not mere movements, they have a meaning and that the notion of act is associated in Psychoanalysis to the notion of unconscious and language. If language is governed by human relations, the act seeks a crossing of the symbolic code, in an attempt to get out of its indeterminacy. Thinking the real of the event, crossed by the norms, real that becomes present in the subject's own act, thinking about the “use of oneself” related to the work context allows a visibility to the individual mode of operation of each subject in the dimensions of meaning that the unconscious behaves in the face of the malaise produced at work through of the logic imposed by the capitalist world. It is considered that the study made it possible to find, examine the act in accidents at work as well as establish theoretical articulations between the "use of self" and the act in the psychoanalytic aspect that brought possibilities for listening to the subjects involved in accidents at work.