Efeito da pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas (CPAP) nas medidas de sono, de treino, de recuperação física e de desempenho físico de corredores de longa distância

Abstract

The present study aimed to verify the effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) on measures of sleep, physical recovery, training, and physical performance of long-distance runners. The participants were eight healthy men who completed a non-randomized experimental trial in two conditions: control condition (CCON) and condition with CPAP (CCPAP). In CCPAP, volunteers used CPAP with a pressure of 10 cm H20 during night sleep. Each condition lasted six days and had four days of sessions with data collection in the laboratory. Initially, the volunteers performed a maximum incremental test (MIT) on the treadmill, which determined the speed at the anaerobic threshold (ANTv). Ten days after MIT, CCON started. After the end of CCON, the volunteers spent 7 days with CPAP for familiarization, and then CCPAP started. Sleep was monitored by actigraphy in both conditions. The volunteers completed in each session: pre-session countermovement jump (CMJ), running until exhaustion at ANTv and post-session CMJ. The perceived recovery was obtained at the beginning of each session, and the perceived exertion of the session was obtained at the end of each session. In addition, the internal training load and the jump delta were calculated. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures of two factors (condition and time) compared the measures of sleep (total sleep time, latency, wake after sleep onset and efficiency), of training (perceived exertion of the session and internal training load) training), physical recovery (perceived recovery, pre-session CMJ, post-session CMJ and jump delta) and performance between the two conditions. The use of CPAP did not alter sleep measures (total sleep time F1,3 = 0,13; p = 0,74; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,04; latency: F1; 3 = 1,78; p = 0,27; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,37; wake after sleep onset: F1; 3 = 2,56; p = 0,20; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,46; efficiency: F1; 3 = 4,73; p = 0,11; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,61), training (perceived exertion of the session: F1, 6 = 0,90; p = 0,77; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,01; internal training load: F1, 7 = 0,96; p = 0,35; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,12), physical recovery (perceived recovery: F1, 7 = 2,75; p = 0,14; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,28; pre-session CMJ: F1, 6 = 3,30; p = 0,11; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,35; CMJ post-session: F1, 6 = 0,22; p = 0,65; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,03; jump delta: F1, 6 = 2,49; p = 0,16; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,29) and physical performance (F1, 7 = 0,02; p = 0,88; ƞᵖ 2 = 0,00). Thus, the data from the present study suggest that the use of CPAP during night sleep does not affect the measures of sleep, training, physical recovery, and physical performance in long-distance runners, without complaints or sleep disorders.