Gangrena de Fournier: intervenções e tecnologias na assistência de enfermagem - revisão integrativa

Abstract

Fournier's gangrene is a rapidly evolving necrotizing fasciitis with high mortality. Although it is not a common occurrence, there is a need for nurses to be aware of this problem, since actions and decisions regarding the care plan must be agile and assertive, minimizing the risk of complications. The objectives of the study were to identify Nursing Interventions that make up nursing care for people with Fournier's Gangrene and verify the use of advanced technologies during the care provided to this population. This is an Integrative Review from 2010 to 2020, of complete articles, available free of charge, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, in the online databases available in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), MEDLINE VIA PUBMED, via CAPES Portal (COCHRANE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and EMBASE). After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study sample consisted of 4 articles. The results showed nursing interventions in domains 2 - nutrition, intake and hydration classes; 3 eliminations and exchange, urinary and gastrointestinal function classes; 11 safety and protection class physical injury and 12 class physical comfort, from the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). Among the advanced technologies there were covers for dressings with silver and foam and hyperbaric oxygen therapy and negative pressure therapy. The use of the Nursing Process and, in particular, the Nursing Interventions proposed in the NIC are a way to standardize, direct and improve nursing care for patients with Fournier's Gangrene.