Cuidados prestados pelo enfermeiro na assistência ao paciente com Estomia Intestinal: evidências na literatura

Abstract

Intestinal stoma is a surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the abdomen and a segment of the intestinal loop is exteriorized through which the contents of the intestines will be expelled and collected by an external bag. This type of procedure can lead to early and late surgical complications. Several of these situations can happen to these patients, who need specialized care, with the ultimate goal of rehabilitation. The role of trained nursing in ostomy patients is of fundamental importance, as these patients have complication rates of 66.7% and most suffer a significant impact on their quality of life. The aim of the study was to identify the main evidence in the literature about the health care provided by nurses in assisting patients with ostomy. The method used was an integrative literature review in the LILACS, BVS and MEDLINE databases, with national and international sources, and the time frame includes publications from 2016 to 2020. As for the results, articles that met the inclusion criteria were considered. Previously established, three were published in portuguese and one article in english health professionals, especially nurses, must have educational skills capable of welcoming intestinal ostomy patients, accompanying them and helping them to maintain their personal and social autonomy. It is concluded that the scientific evidence allows us to state that it is still relevant to develop studies that explore the reality of the care provided to this population group, expanding the understanding of aspects that influence the quality of nursing care.