Violência urbana e traumatismo bucomaxilofacial em Belo Horizonte: um estudo comparativo

Abstract

The Urban violence in Brazil if became a question of public health. It is present in daily of each Brazilian, producing great number of victms, physical and emotional sequels. The maxillofacial trauma is a type of trauma occurred in the face and the head. The number of maxillofacial trauma can be associated with the exposition of this region of the body in the cases of traffic accidents or with an attempt to disfigure the face of the agression victims. This study it analyzed the events of urban violence through the maxillofacial trauma of decurrent them in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Collection was executed retrospect of the registers of victims of urban violence taken care of in a public hospital in the period of january to december of 1998 and january to december of 2012. The analyses had involved descriptive statistics, test qui-square and test of fisher when the frequencies observed of the variables were smaller than 5.Physical abuse was the most prevalent etiology of facial trauma in the two years studied, in 1998, 244 patients, representing 19.3% of victims treated in the maxillofacial service Odilon Behrens Hospital, in 2012, 210 patients, registering 15.2%. The second most common, cycling accidents, accounting for 10.5% in 1998 and 4.5% in 2012, followed by automobile accidents, 6.4% and 4.2% respectively. Injuries and maxillofacial injuries are a frequent occurrence in emergency departments, and man were more affected. The most affected age group in our study was 21-34 years, especially in this population is more exposed to risk factors for trauma. The health professionals must be intent in such a way to the attendance of the victims, how much to the understanding of the dynamics and the diversity of manifestations of the phenomenon urban violence.