Capacitação de enfermeiros de municípios de pequeno porte de uma Regional do Estado de Minas Gerais: uma visão qualitativa

Abstract

Health institutions have been undergoing constant changes that increase their level of complexity and demand better qualification of their professionals. In different health services, nursing is significantly present, configuring the largest professional category in the area. The nurse is responsible for coordinating and planning the work of the nursing team, offering incentives and training, in order to equip the team to provide quality care. Considering all the difficulties that this professional category has faced in the work environment and also the greater difficulty of nurses working in small towns in having access to training offers, this study has as its general objective to understand the training process for nurses who work in health services in small municipalities of a regional in the State of Minas Gerais. This is a qualitative descriptive, case study, carried out with 19 nurses and 09 health secretaries from municipalities in small size of a Health Regional in Minas Gerais. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews and analysis through the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin. The study met the ethical precepts of Resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council. The presentation of the results was divided into 06 categories entitled: particularities of small municipalities; role of nurses in health services; the importance of preparing nurses for work and the challenges for professional training; facilitating factors for the training of nurses; hindering factors for the training of nurses subdivided into factors related to the nurse's work process, individual characteristics of the professional and work management, and the last category, subjective aspects related to the nurse's work. It is noticed that the training of nurses in this study is not happening as it should. Despite all the relevance given to training by health managers, an organization that favored its implementation was observed in few municipalities. The results point to the need for more studies and strategies to support the qualification of professionals from small municipalities, as they constitute the majority within the country and are, therefore, essential for the implementation of the public health model. It is recommended that the process of education of health professionals in the Unified Health System be carried out as proposed by the National Policy on Permanent Health Education. to other health professionals. It is intended that the results obtained can sensitize managers and nurses to the topic and point out ways to facilitate and encourage the training of nurses in small municipalities.