Estudo funcional de campo rupestre quartzítico para subsidiar recuperação de nascente em Serra da Calçada, Brumadinho-MG

Abstract

Serra da Calçada, a conservation unit belonging to the mining company Vale, suffered several impacts due to the use of jeeps and motocross, causing extensive erosion, including in the spring area over quartzitic Campo Rupestre. Therefore, a functional study of the environment is needed, using a preserved adjacent area, to take measures aimed at recovering this source. The main points to be understood are biodiversity and how it interacts with each other, especially through the association between plants and microorganisms and the physicochemical characteristics of the soil. A harmonic distribution between species was detected in the preserved area, attesting to the preserved state of the area. In addition, the legume species, Chamaecrista mucronata, is responsible for making much of the nitrogen available through biological nitrogen fixation, the association of plants with mycorrhizal fungi allows the distribution of this nitrogen among other plants, since the vast majority of plants including the legume were associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, creating mycorrhizal networks between plants and fungi. In addition, plants of the Orchidaceae family also have an association with mycorrhizal fungi, but in addition to AMF they are also associated with mycorrhizal fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota, which has a large decomposing capacity, which may be playing an important role in the availability of organic matter present in the soil. Given this information, it is possible to detect the importance of botanical families and especially the association with microorganisms and the mycorrhizal network.