Fatores que influenciaram as políticas de flexibilização de recursos humanos na administração pública do governo de Minas Gerais no período de 2003-2020

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the factors that influenced the design, implementation and trajectory of people management flexibilization policies in the Minas Gerais state government from 2003 to 2020 The definition of people management policy flexibility adopted considers the extent to which government human resources (HR) initiatives can be adapted and applied in various situations, by public agencies, as well as the speed with which these practices can be applied (BHATTACHARYA et al., 2005). As this is an empirical study on a broad and complex topic –– since people management in public administration encompasses multiple actors, with divergent interests that interact in an environment in which traits of patrimonial, bureaucratic and managerial management models coexist –– the analytical perspective of historical neoinstitutionalism was adopted. Under this approach, the positioning and the correlation of forces of the actors that were configured over time were analyzed, given the different contexts, structures, elements of the administrative culture of the State and the processes related to HR initiatives. These analysis was carried out in the main people management initiatives implemented in the government of Minas Gerais in the period in question –– which were registered and organized based on Longo's (2007) flexibilities typology. The categories of analysis were mapped from the experiences of the OECD countries, among which the following stand out as influencing factors in the Minas Gerais case: the characteristics of the administrative system; the government system and party representation; the diversity of administrative cultures; administrative legitimacy; the competence of public managers and managers; corporatism and the strength of unions. The impact of international and federal government experiences, the alignment of HR initiatives with the government's strategy as well as the fiscal context, were also identified as influencing factors of people management flexibilization policies, typical of the Minas Gerais government. These factors formed different arrangements, in different contexts, and influenced, in different ways and intensities, the trajectory of people management flexibility policies in the Government of Minas Gerais in the period 2003-2020. In this sense, this research offers a strategic analytical framework so that other governments can implement policies to make people management more flexible.