Exercícios de cadeia cinética aberta e fechada na reabilitação do ligamento cruzado posterior

Abstract

The knee is a complex and unstable joint, where are the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate (PCL), patellar, lateral collateral and medial collateral. The muscles involved in these joints are the isquiotibiais working mainly in the bending of the knee, the semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscles are involved in the medial tibial rotation in the open-chain and lateral femoral rotation in the closed chain, with the popliteus muscle. Moreover, the quadriceps muscles actively participate in the extension of the knee. The LCP has a large amount of oxitalamic fibers that give a greater resistance to the tissues, while in the ACL there is a greater quantity of elastin, consequently it provides a higher elasticity in this structure. The injured LCP may have important clinical implications due to its resistance of approximately twice the LCA. The incidence of injuries is estimated at about 3% of the general population and approximately 37% of the cases with victims of motorcycle accidents, also with an association to the practice of sports involving high contact such as football. To evaluate the conditions of the LCP the most used test is the test cassette. The strain in the PCL is usually spread to other structures being the knee hyperextension the most common mechanism to cause this type of injury. This work aims to identify the most commonly used exercises for the recovery of the structures of LCP and show the gains after muscle-building work.