O papel da palmilha no comportamento biomecânico do complexo pé-tornozelo de corredores

Abstract

The biomechanical insole has been used to minimize unwanted movement of the subtalar joint. Its indication comes from understanding the proper standard cinematic foot-ankle complex and the influence of the insole on it, especially when considering it as a preventive method and / or treatment of overuse injuries in runners. The objective of this study was to investigate, through a literature review, the changes of kinematic foot-ankle complex provided by the use of biomechanical insole and its effectiveness in preventing overuse injuries in runners. The literature search was conducted during the period June-September 2011 by the banks of theses UFMG and in the databases Medline, Lilacs and Scielo. It was found 21 articles that analyzed factors determinates in the production of overuse injuries in runners, biomechanics of running and investigated the biomechanical insole as a method of intervention in inadequate standards of running and march. The analysis of the articles revealed that the malalignment is considered a risk factor for overuse injuries in runners. The insole was able to correct the alignment of the rearfoot in runners with more than 6 degrees of varus. Consequently it reduced the level of overpronation and pain in all cases. Thus, based on the literature, the biomechanical insole provides control over the movement of the subtalar joint. Because it minimizes overpronation, suggests that it have an important part in the prevention and treatment of overuse injuries (e.g. patellofemoral syndrome) since this alteration is a contributing factor to these injuries.