Biometria de frutos, armazenamento e germinação de sementes de stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) coville

Abstract

The species Stryphnodendron adstringens, natural of the Cerrado biome, is economically important to produce tannins and healing substances. The propagation of barbatimão occurs through seminal means, which makes seed availability necessary, with provenance, genetic and adequate physiological quality to be used in reforestation. The objective of this paper was to study fruit biometry, storage and adequate conditions for seed germination in the northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experiment was a complete randomized (2x2x6) factorial arrangement, the factors were two seed lots (newly harvested and stored); two germination temperatures (25 and 30°C); five treatments of dormancy overcoming (scarification with concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) for 10, 20, 40 and 60 minutes; mechanical scarification with the aid of sandpaper, including the control with four replicates containing 25 seeds). The fruit length and width, percentage of germination, germination speed, and formation of normal seedlings were evaluated. Variations of length and width of fruits were observed between and within the studied lots. The stored batch fruit width ranged from 34.1 to 99.2 mm and 8.2 to 21.5 mm, respectively. For the newly harvested batch these values corresponded to 48.3 to 88.9 mm and 10.5 to 30.1. The temperatures evaluated were adequate for germination, and the most efficient treatments for overcoming the dormancy of the lots studied were scarification with sulfuric acid for 60 minutes and mechanical scarification. Storage provided maintenance of the physiological quality of the seeds.